Arnold Schwarzenegger Terminator Silver Glass Coin Signed Robot Future Sci Fi US

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Seller: Top-Rated Seller checkoutmyunqiuefunitems ✉️ (3,666) 99.9%, Location: Manchester, Take a look at my other items, GB, Ships to: WORLDWIDE, Item: 276105424419 Arnold Schwarzenegger Terminator Silver Glass Coin Signed Robot Future Sci Fi US. Physically impossible, yes, but also incredibly badass. Twins (1988). 1970 NABBA Mr. Universe professional London 1st (defeated his idol Reg Park). The Running Man (1987). Predator (1987). Raw Deal (1986). Arnold Schwarzenegger The Terminator Silver Glass Coin This is an Uncirculated Commemoration Silver Plated Glass See Through Coin The middle of the coin has an etching of Arnie as the Terminator Cyborg and his Autograph One Side has the words "The Terminator" "I'll Be Back" with 2 stars The other side has "Arnold Schwarzenegger" "Hasta La Vista, Baby" and Arnies Date of Birth "30 July 1947" The coin is 40mm in diameter and 5mm thick and it weighs about  1 oz. It comes in a plastic wallet In Excellent Condition Would make an Excellent Gift or Collectable Keepsake Souvenir of a True Legend who is 75 years old this year A Beautiful coin and Magnificent Keepsake Souvenir In Excellent Condition Sorry about the poor quality photos. They dont do the coin justice which looks a lot better in real life Click Here to Check out my similar Items I always combined postage on multiple items and I have a lot of Similar items to this on Ebay so why check out my other items Bid with Confidence - Check My 100% Positive Feedback from over 900 Satisfied Customers I always combine items and discount postage on multiple I Specialise in Unique Fun Items So For that Interesting Conversational Piece, A Birthday Present, Christmas Gift, A Comical Item to Cheer Someone Up or That Unique Perfect Gift for the Person Who has Everything....You Know Where to Look for a Bargain! Be sure to add me to your favourite sellers list All Items Dispatched within 24 hours of Receiving Payment and feedback let immedialtley as soon as payment received

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Arnold Schwarzenegger 38th Governor of California In office November 17, 2003 – January 3, 2011 Lieutenant         Cruz Bustamante     John Garamendi     Mona Pasquil (acting)     Abel Maldonado Preceded by    Gray Davis Succeeded by    Jerry Brown Chairman of the President's Council on Physical Fitness and Sports In office January 22, 1990 – May 27, 1993 President         George H. W. Bush     Bill Clinton Preceded by    Dick Kazmaier Succeeded by         Florence Griffith Joyner (co-chair)     Tom McMillen (co-chair) Personal details Born    Arnold Schwarzenegger July 30, 1947 (age 75) Thal, Styria, Allied-occupied Austria Citizenship         AustriaUnited States Political party    Republican Spouse    Maria Shriver ​ ​ (m. 1986; div. 2021)​ Children    5, including Katherine, Patrick and Joseph Baena Parent         Gustav Schwarzenegger (father) Relatives    Chris Pratt (son-in-law) Occupation         Actorbodybuilderbusinessmanpoliticianauthor Signature     Website    Official website Military service Allegiance    Austria Branch/service    Bundesheer Years of service    1965 Unit    Belgier Barracks Arnold Schwarzenegger - 2019 (33730956438) (cropped).jpg     This article is part of a series about Arnold Schwarzenegger Film career     Accolades     Terminator         "Hasta la vista, baby" "I'll be back"     See Arnold Run Bodybuilding and business career     Chairman of the President's Council     on Physical Fitness and Sports     Arnold Sports Festival Arnold Strongman Classic Planet Hollywood Mr. Olympia Political career     Governorship         First term Second term Opinion polling LGBT rights Girlie men Arnold Schwarzenegger Signature.svg Seal of the 39th Governor of California.png     vte Arnold Schwarzenegger; born July 30, 1947) is an Austrian-American actor, film producer, businessman, retired professional bodybuilder and politician who served as the 38th governor of California between 2003 and 2011. As of 2022, he is the most recent Republican governor of California. Time magazine named Schwarzenegger one of the 100 most influential people in the world in 2004 and 2007.[1][2] Schwarzenegger began lifting weights at the age of 15 and went on to win the Mr. Universe title at age 20 and subsequently won the Mr. Olympia title seven times. He is widely regarded as either the greatest[3] or one of the two greatest bodybuilders of all time along with Ronnie Coleman,[4] and has written many books and articles about bodybuilding.[5] The Arnold Sports Festival, considered the second-most important bodybuilding event after Mr. Olympia, is named after him.[6] He appeared in the bodybuilding documentary Pumping Iron (1977). Schwarzenegger retired from bodybuilding and gained worldwide fame as a Hollywood action star, with his breakthrough in the sword and sorcery epic Conan the Barbarian (1982), a box-office hit with a sequel in 1984.[7] After playing the title character in the science fiction film The Terminator (1984), he starred in the sequels Terminator 2: Judgment Day (1991), Terminator 3: Rise of the Machines (2003), Terminator Genisys (2015), and Terminator: Dark Fate (2019). His other successful action films included Commando (1985), The Running Man (1987), Predator (1987), Red Heat (1988), Total Recall (1990), and True Lies (1994), in addition to comedy films such as Twins (1988), Kindergarten Cop (1990), Junior (1994), and Jingle All the Way (1996).[8] He is the founder of the film production company Oak Productions.[9] As a Republican candidate, Schwarzenegger was first elected on October 7, 2003, in a special recall election to replace then-Governor Gray Davis. He received 48.6% of the vote, 17 points ahead of Democrat runner-up Cruz Bustamante. He was sworn in on November 17 to serve the remainder of Davis' term, and was re-elected in the 2006 California gubernatorial election with an increased vote share of 55.9% to serve a full term as governor.[10] In 2011, he reached his term limit as governor and returned to acting. Schwarzenegger was nicknamed the "Austrian Oak" in his bodybuilding days, "Arnie" or "Schwarzy" during his acting career,[11] and "the Governator" (a portmanteau of "Governor" and "Terminator") during his political career. He married Maria Shriver, a niece of President John F. Kennedy, in 1986. They separated in 2011 after he admitted to having fathered a child with their housemaid in 1997; their divorce was finalized in 2021.[12] Early life Schwarzenegger's birthplace Arnold Schwarzenegger was born in Thal, Austria on July 30, 1947,[13] the second son of Gustav Schwarzenegger and his wife, Aurelia (née Jadrny). Schwarzenegger's father was the local chief of police. After the Anschluss in 1938, he joined the Nazi Party and, in 1939 the Sturmabteilung (SA). In World War II, he served as a military policeman in the invasions of Poland, France and the Soviet Union, including the siege of Leningrad, rising to the rank of Hauptfeldwebel.[14][15] He was wounded in the Battle of Stalingrad,[16] and was discharged in 1943 following a bout of malaria. According to Holocaust scholar Michael Berenbaum, Gustav Schwarzenegger served "in theaters of the war where atrocities were committed. But there is no way to know from the documents whether he played a role."[14] Gustav's background received wide press attention during the 2003 California gubernatorial recall election in which Schwarzenegger was elected governor.[17] Gustav Schwarzenegger married Aurelia on October 20, 1945; he was 38 and she was 23. According to Schwarzenegger, his parents were very strict: "Back then in Austria it was a very different world [...] if we did something bad or we disobeyed our parents, the rod was not spared."[18] He grew up in a Catholic family.[19] Gustav preferred his elder son, Meinhard, over Arnold.[20] His favoritism was "strong and blatant", which stemmed from unfounded suspicion that Arnold was not his biological child.[21] Schwarzenegger has said that his father had "no patience for listening or understanding your problems".[19] He had a good relationship with his mother, with whom he kept in touch until her death.[22] Early education and bodybuilding beginnings At school, Schwarzenegger was reportedly academically average but stood out for his "cheerful, good-humored, and exuberant" character.[19] Money was a problem in their household; Schwarzenegger recalled that one of the highlights of his youth was when the family bought a refrigerator.[21] Schwarzenegger's father Gustav was an athlete, and wished for his sons to become a champion in Bavarian curling.[23] Influenced by his father, Schwarzenegger played several sports as a boy.[19] Schwarzenegger began weight training in 1960 when his football coach took his team to a local gym.[13] At the age of 14, he chose bodybuilding over football as a career.[7][24] He later said, "I actually started weight training when I was 15, but I'd been participating in sports, like soccer, for years, so I felt that although I was slim, I was well-developed, at least enough so that I could start going to the gym and start Olympic lifting."[18] However, his official website biography claims that "at 14, he started an intensive training program with Dan Farmer, studied psychology at 15 (to learn more about the power of mind over body) and at 17, officially started his competitive career."[25] During a speech in 2001, he said, "My own plan formed when I was 14 years old. My father had wanted me to be a police officer like he was. My mother wanted me to go to trade school."[26] Schwarzenegger in 1971 Schwarzenegger took to visiting a gym in Graz, where he also frequented the local movie theaters to see bodybuilding idols such as Reg Park, Steve Reeves, and Johnny Weissmuller on the big screen.[18] When Reeves died in 2000, Schwarzenegger fondly remembered him: "As a teenager, I grew up with Steve Reeves. His remarkable accomplishments allowed me a sense of what was possible when others around me didn't always understand my dreams. Steve Reeves has been part of everything I've ever been fortunate enough to achieve." In 1961, Schwarzenegger met former Mr. Austria Kurt Marnul, who invited him to train at the gym in Graz.[13] He was so dedicated as a youngster that he broke into the local gym on weekends in order to train even when it was closed. "It would make me sick to miss a workout... I knew I couldn't look at myself in the mirror the next morning if I didn't do it." When Schwarzenegger was asked about his first cinema experience as a boy, he replied: "I was very young, but I remember my father taking me to the Austrian theaters and seeing some newsreels. The first real movie I saw, that I distinctly remember, was a John Wayne movie."[18] In Graz, Schwarzenegger was mentored by Alfred Gerstl, who had Jewish ancestry and later became president of the Federal Council, and befriended his son Karl.[27][28] Schwarzenegger's brother, Meinhard, died in a car crash on May 20, 1971.[13] He was driving drunk and died instantly. Schwarzenegger did not attend his funeral. Meinhard was engaged to Erika Knapp, and they had a three-year-old son named Patrick. Schwarzenegger paid for Patrick's education and helped him to move to the U.S.[21] Gustav died of a stroke on December 13, 1972.[13] In Pumping Iron, Schwarzenegger claimed that he did not attend his father's funeral because he was training for a bodybuilding contest. Later, he and the film's producer said this story was taken from another bodybuilder to show the extremes some would go to for their sport and to make Schwarzenegger's image colder to create controversy for the film.[29] However, Barbara Baker, his first serious girlfriend, recalled that he informed her of his father's death without emotion and that he never spoke of his brother.[30] Over time, he has given at least three versions of why he was absent from his father's funeral.[21] In an interview with Fortune in 2004, Schwarzenegger told how he suffered what "would now be called child abuse" at the hands of his father: "My hair was pulled. I was hit with belts. So was the kid next door. It was just the way it was. Many of the children I've seen were broken by their parents, which was the German-Austrian mentality. They didn't want to create an individual. It was all about conforming. I was one who did not conform, and whose will could not be broken. Therefore, I became a rebel. Every time I got hit, and every time someone said, 'You can't do this,' I said, 'This is not going to be for much longer because I'm going to move out of here. I want to be rich. I want to be somebody.'"[15] Schwarzenegger served in the Austrian Army in 1965 to fulfill the one year of service required at the time of all 18-year-old Austrian males.[13][25] During his army service, he won the Junior Mr. Europe contest.[24] He went AWOL during basic training so he could take part in the competition and then spent a week in military prison: "Participating in the competition meant so much to me that I didn't carefully think through the consequences." He entered another bodybuilding contest in Graz, at Steirerhof Hotel, where he placed second. He was voted "best-built man of Europe", which made him famous in bodybuilding circles. "The Mr. Universe title was my ticket to America—the land of opportunity, where I could become a star and get rich."[26] Schwarzenegger made his first plane trip in 1966, attending the NABBA Mr. Universe competition in London.[25] He placed second in the Mr. Universe competition, not having the muscle definition of American winner Chester Yorton.[25] Charles "Wag" Bennett, one of the judges at the 1966 competition, was impressed with Schwarzenegger and he offered to coach him. As Schwarzenegger had little money, Bennett invited him to stay in his crowded family home above one of his two gyms in Forest Gate, London. Yorton's leg definition had been judged superior, and Schwarzenegger, under a training program devised by Bennett, concentrated on improving the muscle definition and power in his legs. Staying in the East End of London helped Schwarzenegger improve his rudimentary grasp of the English language.[31][32] Living with the Bennetts also changed him as a person: "Being with them made me so much more sophisticated. When you're the age I was then, you're always looking for approval, for love, for attention and also for guidance. At the time, I wasn't really aware of that. But now, looking back, I see that the Bennett family fulfilled all those needs. Especially my need to be the best in the world. To be recognized and to feel unique and special. They saw that I needed that care and attention and love."[33] Also in 1966, while at Bennett's home, Schwarzenegger had the opportunity to meet childhood idol Reg Park, who became his friend and mentor.[33][34] The training paid off and, in 1967, Schwarzenegger won the title for the first time, becoming the youngest ever Mr. Universe at the age of 20.[25] He would go on to win the title a further three times.[24] Schwarzenegger then flew back to Munich, where he attended a business school and worked in a health club (Rolf Putziger's gym, where he worked and trained from 1966 to 1968), returning in 1968 to London to win his next Mr. Universe title.[25] He frequently told Roger C. Field, his English coach and friend in Munich at that time, "I'm going to become the greatest actor!"[35] Schwarzenegger, who dreamed of moving to the U.S. since the age of 10, and saw bodybuilding as the avenue through which to do so,[36] realized his dream by moving to the United States in October 1968 at the age of 21, speaking little English.[24][13] There he trained at Gold's Gym in Venice, Los Angeles, California, under Joe Weider's supervision. From 1970 to 1974, one of Schwarzenegger's weight training partners was Ric Drasin, a professional wrestler who designed the original Gold's Gym logo in 1973.[37] Schwarzenegger also became good friends with professional wrestler Superstar Billy Graham. In 1970, at age 23, he captured his first Mr. Olympia title in New York, and would go on to win the title a total of seven times.[25] The immigration law firm Siskind & Susser has stated that Schwarzenegger may have been an illegal immigrant at some point in the late 1960s or early 1970s because of violations in the terms of his visa.[38] LA Weekly would later say in 2002 that Schwarzenegger is the most famous immigrant in the United States, who "overcame a thick Austrian accent and transcended the unlikely background of bodybuilding to become the biggest movie star in the world in the 1990s".[36] In 1977, Schwarzenegger's autobiography/weight-training guide Arnold: The Education of a Bodybuilder became a huge success.[13] In 1977, he posed for the gay magazine After Dark.[39][40] Due to taking an assortment of courses at Santa Monica College in California (including English classes), as well as further upper division classes at the University of California, Los Angeles as part of UCLA's extension program, Schwarzenegger had by then accumulated enough credits so as to be "within striking distance" of graduation. In 1979, he enrolled in the University of Wisconsin–Superior as a distance education student, completing most of his coursework by correspondence and flying out to Superior to meet professors and take final exams. In May 1980, he formally graduated and received his bachelor's degree in business administration and marketing. He received his United States citizenship in 1983.[41] Bodybuilding career Arnold Schwarzenegger Bodybuilder Arnold Schwarzenegger 1974.jpg As entrant to the 1974 Mr. Olympia competition at Madison Square Garden Personal info Nickname    The Austrian Oak Height    6 ft 2 in (188 cm)[42] Weight         235 lb (107 kg) (contest)[42]     260 lb (118 kg) (off-season) [42] Professional career Pro-debut         NABBA Mr. Universe1968 Best win         IFBB Mr. Olympia1970–1975, 1980, Seven Times Predecessor    Sergio Oliva ('69) Frank Zane ('79) Successor    Franco Columbu ('76, '81) Active    Retired 1980 Medal record Men's bodybuilding Representing  Austria Mr Universe (amateur) 1st     1967      Mr Universe (pro) 1st     1968      1st     1969      1st     1970      Mr. Olympia 2nd     1969      1st     1970      1st     1971      1st     1972      1st     1973      1st     1974      1st     1975      1st     1980      Powerlifting[43] Representing  Austria International Powerlifting Championships 1st     1966     +80 kg German Powerlifting Championships 2nd     1967     +80 kg 1st     1968     +80 kg Graz-Paradise Keller Powerlifting Championships 2nd     1967     +80 kg Men's Weightlifting[43] Representing  Austria Styrian Junior Weightlifting Championships 1st     1964      German Austrian Weightlifting Championships 1st     1965      Schwarzenegger is considered among the most important figures in the history of bodybuilding,[6] and his legacy is commemorated in the Arnold Classic annual bodybuilding competition. He has remained a prominent face in bodybuilding long after his retirement, in part because of his ownership of gyms and fitness magazines. He has presided over numerous contests and awards shows. For many years, he wrote a monthly column for the bodybuilding magazines Muscle & Fitness and Flex. Shortly after being elected governor, he was appointed the executive editor of both magazines, in a largely symbolic capacity. The magazines agreed to donate $250,000 a year to the Governor's various physical fitness initiatives. When the deal, including the contract that gave Schwarzenegger at least $1 million a year, was made public in 2005, many criticized it as being a conflict of interest since the governor's office made decisions concerning regulation of dietary supplements in California.[44] Consequently, Schwarzenegger relinquished the executive editor role in 2005.[44] American Media Inc., which owns Muscle & Fitness and Flex, announced in March 2013 that Schwarzenegger had accepted their renewed offer to be executive editor of the magazines.[44] One of the first competitions he won was the Junior Mr. Europe contest in 1965.[13] He won Mr. Europe the following year, at age 19.[13][25] He would go on to compete in many bodybuilding contests, and win most of them. His bodybuilding victories included five Mr. Universe wins (4 – NABBA [England], 1 – IFBB [USA]), and seven Mr. Olympia wins, a record which would stand until Lee Haney won his eighth consecutive Mr. Olympia title in 1991. Schwarzenegger continues to work out. When asked about his personal training during the 2011 Arnold Classic he said that he was still working out a half an hour with weights every day.[45] Powerlifting/weightlifting During Schwarzenegger's early years in bodybuilding, he also competed in several Olympic weightlifting and powerlifting contests. Schwarzenegger's first professional competition was in 1963[46] and he won two weightlifting contests in 1964 and 1965, as well as two powerlifting contests in 1966 and 1968.[43] In 1967, Schwarzenegger won the Munich stone-lifting contest, in which a stone weighing 508 German pounds (254 kg / 560 lb) is lifted between the legs while standing on two footrests. Personal records     Clean and press – 264 lb (120 kg)[43]     Snatch – 243 lb (110 kg)[43]     Clean and jerk – 298 lb (135 kg)[43]     Squat – 545 lb (247 kg)[43]     Bench press – 520 lb (240 kg)[47][48]     Deadlift – 683 lb (310 kg)[43] Schwarzenegger, pictured with 1987 world champion American Karyn Marshall, presenting awards at the USA Weightlifting Hall of Fame in 2011 in Columbus, Ohio Mr. Olympia Schwarzenegger's goal was to become the greatest bodybuilder in the world, which meant becoming Mr. Olympia.[13][25] His first attempt was in 1969, when he lost to three-time champion Sergio Oliva. However, Schwarzenegger came back in 1970 and won the competition, making him the youngest ever Mr. Olympia at the age of 23, a record he still holds to this day.[25] He continued his winning streak in the 1971–1974 competitions.[25] He also toured different countries selling vitamins, as in Helsinki, Finland in 1972, when he lived at the YMCA Hotel Hospiz (nowadays Hotel Arthur[49]) on Vuorikatu and presented vitamin pills at the Stockmann shopping center.[50][51] In 1975, Schwarzenegger was once again in top form, and won the title for the sixth consecutive time,[25] beating Franco Columbu. After the 1975 Mr. Olympia contest, Schwarzenegger announced his retirement from professional bodybuilding.[25] Months before the 1975 Mr. Olympia contest, filmmakers George Butler and Robert Fiore persuaded Schwarzenegger to compete and film his training in the bodybuilding documentary called Pumping Iron. Schwarzenegger had only three months to prepare for the competition, after losing significant weight to appear in the film Stay Hungry with Jeff Bridges. Although significantly taller and heavier, Lou Ferrigno proved not to be a threat, and a lighter-than-usual Schwarzenegger convincingly won the 1975 Mr. Olympia. Schwarzenegger came out of retirement, however, to compete in the 1980 Mr. Olympia.[13] Schwarzenegger was training for his role in Conan, and he got into such good shape because of the running, horseback riding and sword training, that he decided he wanted to win the Mr. Olympia contest one last time. He kept this plan a secret in the event that a training accident would prevent his entry and cause him to lose face. Schwarzenegger had been hired to provide color commentary for network television when he announced at the eleventh hour that, while he was there, "Why not compete?" Schwarzenegger ended up winning the event with only seven weeks of preparation. Having been declared Mr. Olympia for a seventh time, Schwarzenegger then officially retired from competition. This victory (subject of the documentary The Comeback) was highly controversial, though, as fellow competitors and many observers felt that his lack of muscle mass (especially in his thighs) and subpar conditioning should not have allowed him to win against a very competitive lineup that year.[6][52] Mike Mentzer, in particular, felt cheated and withdrew from competitive bodybuilding after that contest.[53][52] Steroid use Schwarzenegger has acknowledged using performance-enhancing anabolic steroids while they were legal, writing in 1977 that "steroids were helpful to me in maintaining muscle size while on a strict diet in preparation for a contest. I did not use them for muscle growth, but rather for muscle maintenance when cutting up."[54] He has called the drugs "tissue building".[55] In 1999, Schwarzenegger sued Willi Heepe, a German doctor who publicly predicted his early death on the basis of a link between his steroid use and later heart problems. Since the doctor never examined him personally, Schwarzenegger collected a US$10,000 libel judgment against him in a German court.[56] In 1999, Schwarzenegger also sued and settled with Globe, a U.S. tabloid which had made similar predictions about the bodybuilder's future health.[57] List of competitions Arnold Schwarzenegger in bodybuilding competitions Year     Competition[58]     Location     Result and notes 1965     Junior Mr. Europe     Germany     1st 1966     Best Built Man of Europe     Germany     1st 1966     Mr. Europe     Germany     1st 1966     International Powerlifting Championship     Germany     1st 1966     NABBA Mr. Universe amateur     London     2nd to Chet Yorton 1967     NABBA Mr. Universe amateur     London     1st 1968     NABBA Mr. Universe professional     London     1st 1968     German Powerlifting Championship     Germany     1st 1968     IFBB Mr. International     Mexico     1st 1968     IFBB Mr. Universe     Florida     2nd to Frank Zane 1969     IFBB Mr. Universe amateur     New York     1st 1969     NABBA Mr. Universe professional     London     1st 1969     Mr. Olympia     New York     2nd to Sergio Oliva 1970     NABBA Mr. Universe professional     London     1st (defeated his idol Reg Park) 1970     AAU Mr. World     Columbus, Ohio     1st (defeated Sergio Oliva for the first time) 1970     Mr. Olympia     New York     1st 1971     Mr. Olympia     Paris     1st 1972     Mr. Olympia     Essen, Germany     1st 1973     Mr. Olympia     New York     1st 1974     Mr. Olympia     New York     1st 1975     Mr. Olympia     Pretoria, South Africa     1st (subject of the documentary Pumping Iron) 1980     Mr. Olympia     Sydney     1st (subject of the documentary The Comeback) Statistics     Height: 6 ft 2 in (1.88 m)     Contest weight: 235 lb (107 kg)—the lightest in 1980 Mr. Olympia: around 225 lb (102 kg), the heaviest in 1974 Mr. Olympia: around 250 lb (110 kg)[59]     Off-season weight: 260 lb (118 kg)     Chest: 57 in (1,400 mm)     Waist: 33 in (840 mm)     Arms: 22 in (560 mm)     Thighs: 29.5 in (750 mm)     Calves: 20 in (510 mm)[60] Acting career Early roles Schwarzenegger wanted to move from bodybuilding into acting, finally achieving it when he was chosen to play the title role in Hercules in New York (1970). Credited under the stage name "Arnold Strong", his accent in the film was so thick that his lines were dubbed after production.[24] His second film appearance was as a mob hitman in The Long Goodbye (1973), which was followed by a much more significant part in the film Stay Hungry (1976), for which he won the Golden Globe Award for New Star of the Year – Actor. Schwarzenegger has discussed his early struggles in developing his acting career: "It was very difficult for me in the beginning – I was told by agents and casting people that my body was 'too weird', that I had a funny accent, and that my name was too long. You name it, and they told me I had to change it. Basically, everywhere I turned, I was told that I had no chance."[18] Schwarzenegger drew attention and boosted his profile in the bodybuilding film Pumping Iron (1977),[7][24] elements of which were dramatized. In 1991, he purchased the rights to the film, its outtakes, and associated still photography.[61] In 1977, he made guest appearances in single episodes of the ABC sitcom The San Pedro Beach Bums and the ABC police procedural The Streets of San Francisco. Schwarzenegger auditioned for the title role of The Incredible Hulk, but did not win the role because of his height. Later, Lou Ferrigno got the part of Dr. David Banner's alter ego. Schwarzenegger appeared with Kirk Douglas and Ann-Margret in the 1979 comedy The Villain. In 1980, he starred in a biographical film of the 1950s actress Jayne Mansfield as Mansfield's husband, Mickey Hargitay. Action superstar Schwarzenegger's breakthrough film was the sword and sorcery epic Conan the Barbarian in 1982, which was a box-office hit.[7] This was followed by a sequel, Conan the Destroyer, in 1984, although it was not as successful as its predecessor.[62] In 1983, Schwarzenegger starred in the promotional video Carnival in Rio.[63] In 1984, he made his first appearance as the eponymous character in James Cameron's science fiction action film The Terminator.[7][24][64] It has been called his acting career's signature role.[65] Following this, Schwarzenegger made another sword and sorcery film, Red Sonja, in 1985.[62] During the 1980s, audiences had an appetite for action films, with both Schwarzenegger and Sylvester Stallone becoming international stars.[24] The two rivals attacked each other in the press, and tried to surpass the other with more on-screen killings and larger weapons.[66] Schwarzenegger's roles reflected his sense of humor, separating him from more serious action hero films. He made a number of successful action films in the 1980s, such as Commando (1985), Raw Deal (1986), The Running Man (1987), Predator (1987), and Red Heat (1988). Footprints and handprints of Arnold Schwarzenegger in front of the Grauman's Chinese Theatre, with his catchphrase "I'll be back" written in Twins (1988), a comedy with Danny DeVito, also proved successful. Total Recall (1990) netted Schwarzenegger $10 million (equivalent to $20.7 million today) and 15% of the film's gross. A science fiction script, the film was based on the Philip K. Dick short story "We Can Remember It for You Wholesale". Kindergarten Cop (1990) reunited him with director Ivan Reitman, who directed him in Twins. Schwarzenegger had a brief foray into directing, first with a 1990 episode of the TV series Tales from the Crypt, entitled "The Switch",[67] and then with the 1992 telemovie Christmas in Connecticut.[68] He has not directed since. Schwarzenegger's commercial peak was his return as the title character in Terminator 2: Judgment Day (1991), which was the highest-grossing film of the year. Film critic Roger Ebert commented that "Schwarzenegger's genius as a movie star is to find roles that build on, rather than undermine, his physical and vocal characteristics."[69] In 1993, the National Association of Theatre Owners named him the "International Star of the Decade".[13] His next film project, the 1993 self-aware action comedy spoof Last Action Hero, was released opposite Jurassic Park, and did not do well at the box office. His next film, the comedy drama True Lies (1994), was a popular spy film and saw Schwarzenegger reunited with James Cameron. That same year, the comedy Junior was released, the last of Schwarzenegger's three collaborations with Ivan Reitman and again co-starring Danny DeVito. This film brought him his second Golden Globe nomination, this time for Best Actor – Motion Picture Musical or Comedy. It was followed by the action thriller Eraser (1996), the Christmas comedy Jingle All The Way (1996), and the comic book-based Batman & Robin (1997), in which he played the villain Mr. Freeze. This was his final film before taking time to recuperate from a back injury. Following the critical failure of Batman & Robin, his film career and box office prominence went into decline. He returned with the supernatural thriller End of Days (1999), later followed by the action films The 6th Day (2000) and Collateral Damage (2002), both of which failed to do well at the box office. In 2003, he made his third appearance as the title character in Terminator 3: Rise of the Machines, which went on to earn over $150 million domestically (equivalent to $221 million today).[70] Arnold Schwarzenegger's star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame In tribute to Schwarzenegger in 2002, Forum Stadtpark, a local cultural association, proposed plans to build a 25-meter-tall (80 ft) Terminator statue in a park in central Graz. Schwarzenegger reportedly said he was flattered, but thought the money would be better spent on social projects and the Special Olympics.[71] Retirement His film appearances after becoming Governor of California included a three-second cameo appearance in The Rundown and the 2004 remake of Around the World in 80 Days. In 2005, he appeared as himself in the film The Kid & I. He voiced Baron von Steuben in the Liberty's Kids episode "Valley Forge". He had been rumored to be appearing in Terminator Salvation as the original T-800; he denied his involvement,[72] but he ultimately did appear briefly via his image being inserted into the movie from stock footage of the first Terminator movie.[73][74] Schwarzenegger appeared in Sylvester Stallone's The Expendables, where he made a cameo appearance. Return to acting In January 2011, just weeks after leaving office in California, Schwarzenegger announced that he was reading several new scripts for future films, one of them being the World War II action drama With Wings as Eagles, written by Randall Wallace, based on a true story.[75][76] On March 6, 2011, at the Arnold Seminar of the Arnold Classic, Schwarzenegger revealed that he was being considered for several films, including sequels to The Terminator and remakes of Predator and The Running Man, and that he was "packaging" a comic book character.[77] The character was later revealed to be the Governator, star of the comic book and animated series of the same name. Schwarzenegger inspired the character and co-developed it with Stan Lee, who would have produced the series. Schwarzenegger would have voiced the Governator.[78][79][80][81] On May 20, 2011, Schwarzenegger's entertainment counsel announced that all film projects currently in development were being halted: "Schwarzenegger is focusing on personal matters and is not willing to commit to any production schedules or timelines."[82] On July 11, 2011, it was announced that Schwarzenegger was considering a comeback film, despite legal problems related to his divorce.[83] He starred in The Expendables 2 (2012) as Trench Mauser,[84] and starred in The Last Stand (2013), his first leading role in 10 years, and Escape Plan (2013), his first co-starring role alongside Sylvester Stallone. He starred in Sabotage, released in March 2014, and returned as Trench Mauser in The Expendables 3, released in August 2014. He starred in the fifth Terminator film Terminator Genisys in 2015,[7][24][64][85] and would reprise his role as Conan the Barbarian in The Legend of Conan,[86][87] later renamed Conan the Conqueror.[88] However, in April 2017, producer Chris Morgan stated that Universal had dropped the project, although there was a possibility of a TV show. The story of the film was supposed to be set 30 years after the first, with some inspiration from Clint Eastwood's Unforgiven.[89] In August 2016, his filming of action-comedy Killing Gunther was temporarily interrupted by bank robbers near the filming location in Surrey, British Columbia.[90] The film was released in September 2017. He was announced to star and produce in a film about the ruins of Sanxingdui called The Guest of Sanxingdui as an ambassador.[91] On February 6, 2018, Amazon Studios announced they were working with Schwarzenegger to develop a new series entitled Outrider in which he will star and executive produce. The western-drama set in the Oklahoma Indian Territory in the late 19th century will follow a deputy (portrayed by Schwarzenegger) who is tasked with apprehending a legendary outlaw in the wilderness, but is forced to partner with a ruthless Federal Marshal to make sure justice is properly served. The series will also mark as Schwarzenegger's first major scripted TV role.[92] Schwarzenegger returned to the Terminator franchise with Terminator: Dark Fate, which was released on November 1, 2019. It was produced by the series' co-creator James Cameron, who directed him previously in the first two films in the series and in True Lies.[93][94] It was shot in Almería, Hungary and the US.[95] The Celebrity Apprentice In September 2015, the media announced that Schwarzenegger was to replace Donald Trump as host of The New Celebrity Apprentice.[96] This show, the 15th season of The Apprentice, aired during the 2016–2017 TV season. In the show, he used the phrases "you're terminated" and "get to the choppa", which are quotes from some of his famous roles (The Terminator and Predator, respectively), when firing the contestants.[97][98] In March 2017, following repeated criticisms from Trump, Schwarzenegger announced that he would not return for another season on the show. He also reacted to Trump's remarks in January 2017 via Instagram: "Hey, Donald, I have a great idea. Why don't we switch jobs? You take over TV because you're such an expert in ratings, and I take over your job, and then people can finally sleep comfortably again."[99] Political career Main article: Political career of Arnold Schwarzenegger Early politics Vice President Dick Cheney meets with Schwarzenegger for the first time at the White House. Schwarzenegger with President Ronald Reagan in 1984 Schwarzenegger has been a registered Republican for many years. When he was an actor, his political views were always well known as they contrasted with those of many other prominent Hollywood stars, who are generally considered to be a liberal and Democratic-leaning community. At the 2004 Republican National Convention, Schwarzenegger gave a speech and explained he was a Republican because he believed that the Democrats of the 1960s sounded too much like Austrian socialists.[100]     I finally arrived here in 1968. What a special day it was. I remember I arrived here with empty pockets but full of dreams, full of determination, full of desire. The presidential campaign was in full swing. I remember watching the Nixon–Humphrey presidential race on TV. A friend of mine who spoke German and English translated for me. I heard Humphrey saying things that sounded like socialism, which I had just left. But then I heard Nixon speak. He was talking about free enterprise, getting the government off your back, lowering the taxes and strengthening the military. Listening to Nixon speak sounded more like a breath of fresh air. I said to my friend, I said, "What party is he?" My friend said, "He's a Republican." I said, "Then I am a Republican." And I have been a Republican ever since. Arnold Schwarzenegger on Capitol Hill in 1991 for an event related to the President's Council on Physical Fitness and Sports In 1985, Schwarzenegger appeared in "Stop the Madness", an anti-drug music video sponsored by the Reagan administration. He first came to wide public notice as a Republican during the 1988 presidential election, accompanying then–Vice President George H. W. Bush at a campaign rally.[101] Schwarzenegger's first political appointment was as chairman of the President's Council on Physical Fitness and Sports, on which he served from 1990 to 1993.[13] He was nominated by the then-President Bush, who dubbed him "Conan the Republican". He later served as chairman for the California Governor's Council on Physical Fitness and Sports under Governor Pete Wilson. Between 1993 and 1994, Schwarzenegger was a Red Cross ambassador (a ceremonial role fulfilled by celebrities), recording several television and radio public service announcements to donate blood. In an interview with Talk magazine in late 1999, Schwarzenegger was asked if he thought of running for office. He replied, "I think about it many times. The possibility is there because I feel it inside." The Hollywood Reporter claimed shortly after that Schwarzenegger sought to end speculation that he might run for governor of California. Following his initial comments, Schwarzenegger said, "I'm in show business – I am in the middle of my career. Why would I go away from that and jump into something else?"[102] Governor of California Main articles: First term of Arnold Schwarzenegger as governor of California and Second term of Arnold Schwarzenegger as governor of California Schwarzenegger's official portrait as Governor of California, 2003 Schwarzenegger announced his candidacy in the 2003 California recall election for Governor of California on the August 6, 2003, episode of The Tonight Show with Jay Leno.[24] Schwarzenegger had the most name recognition in a crowded field of candidates, but he had never held public office and his political views were unknown to most Californians. His candidacy immediately became national and international news, with media outlets dubbing him the "Governator" (referring to The Terminator movies, see above) and "The Running Man" (the name of another one of his films), and calling the recall election "Total Recall" (yet another movie starring Schwarzenegger). Schwarzenegger declined to participate in several debates with other recall replacement candidates, and appeared in only one debate on September 24, 2003.[103] President George W. Bush meets with Schwarzenegger after his successful election to the California Governorship. On October 7, 2003, the recall election resulted in Governor Gray Davis being removed from office with 55.4% of the Yes vote in favor of a recall. Schwarzenegger was elected Governor of California under the second question on the ballot with 48.6% of the vote to choose a successor to Davis. Schwarzenegger defeated Democrat Cruz Bustamante, fellow Republican Tom McClintock, and others. His nearest rival, Bustamante, received 31% of the vote. In total, Schwarzenegger won the election by about 1.3 million votes. Under the regulations of the California Constitution, no runoff election was required. Schwarzenegger was the second foreign-born governor of California after Irish-born Governor John G. Downey in 1862. Schwarzenegger is a moderate Republican.[104] He says he is fiscally conservative and socially liberal.[105] On the issue of abortion, he describes himself as pro-choice, but supports parental notification for minors and a ban on partial-birth abortion.[106] He has supported gay rights, such as domestic partnerships, and he performed a same-sex marriage as governor.[107] However, Schwarzenegger vetoed bills that would have legalized same-sex marriage in California in 2005 and 2007.[108][109] He additionally vetoed two bills that would have implemented a single-payer health care system in California in 2006[110][111] and 2008,[112] respectively. Schwarzenegger was entrenched in what he considered to be his mandate in cleaning up political gridlock. Building on a catchphrase from the sketch "Hans and Franz" from Saturday Night Live (which partly parodied his bodybuilding career), Schwarzenegger called the Democratic State politicians "girlie men".[113] Arnold Schwarzenegger in June 2010 Schwarzenegger's early victories included repealing an unpopular increase in the vehicle registration fee as well as preventing driver's licenses from being given out to illegal immigrants, but later he began to feel the backlash when powerful state unions began to oppose his various initiatives. Key among his reckoning with political realities was a special election he called in November 2005, in which four ballot measures he sponsored were defeated. Schwarzenegger accepted personal responsibility for the defeats and vowed to continue to seek consensus for the people of California. He would later comment that "no one could win if the opposition raised 160 million dollars to defeat you". The U.S. Supreme Court later found the public employee unions' use of compulsory fundraising during the campaign had been illegal in Knox v. Service Employees International Union, Local 1000.[114] Schwarzenegger with Russian President Dmitry Medvedev and Cisco CEO John Chambers Schwarzenegger, against the advice of fellow Republican strategists, appointed a Democrat, Susan Kennedy, as his Chief of Staff. He gradually moved towards a more politically moderate position, determined to build a winning legacy with only a short time to go until the next gubernatorial election. Schwarzenegger ran for re-election against Democrat Phil Angelides, the California State Treasurer, in the 2006 elections, held on November 7, 2006. Despite a poor year nationally for the Republican party, Schwarzenegger won re-election with 56.0% of the vote compared with 38.9% for Angelides, a margin of well over 1 million votes.[115] Around this time, many commentators saw Schwarzenegger as moving away from the right and towards the center of the political spectrum. After hearing a speech by Schwarzenegger at the 2006 Martin Luther King Jr. Day breakfast, in which Schwarzenegger said, in part "How wrong I was when I said everyone has an equal opportunity to make it in America [...] the state of California does not provide (equal) education for all of our children", San Francisco mayor & future governor of California Gavin Newsom said that "[H]e's becoming a Democrat [... H]e's running back, not even to the center. I would say center-left".[116] Some speculated that Schwarzenegger might run for the United States Senate in 2010, as his governorship would be term-limited by that time. Such rumors turned out to be false.[117][118] With Schwarzenegger and Senator Dianne Feinstein behind him, President George W. Bush comments on wildfires and firefighting efforts in California, October 2007. Wendy Leigh, who wrote an unofficial biography on Schwarzenegger, claims he plotted his political rise from an early age using the movie business and bodybuilding as the means to escape a depressing home.[20] Leigh portrays Schwarzenegger as obsessed with power and quotes him as saying, "I wanted to be part of the small percentage of people who were leaders, not the large mass of followers. I think it is because I saw leaders use 100% of their potential – I was always fascinated by people in control of other people."[20] Schwarzenegger has said that it was never his intention to enter politics, but he says, "I married into a political family. You get together with them and you hear about policy, about reaching out to help people. I was exposed to the idea of being a public servant and Eunice and Sargent Shriver became my heroes."[36] Eunice Kennedy Shriver was the sister of John F. Kennedy, and mother-in-law to Schwarzenegger; Sargent Shriver is husband to Eunice and father-in-law to Schwarzenegger. Schwarzenegger cannot run for U.S. president as he is not a natural-born citizen of the United States. Schwarzenegger is a dual Austrian and United States citizen.[119] He has held Austrian citizenship since birth and U.S. citizenship since becoming naturalized in 1983. Being Austrian and thus European, he was able to win the 2007 European Voice campaigner of the year award for taking action against climate change with the California Global Warming Solutions Act of 2006 and plans to introduce an emissions trading scheme with other US states and possibly with the EU.[120] Governor Schwarzenegger during his visit to Naval Medical Center in San Diego, July 2010 Because of his personal wealth from his acting career, Schwarzenegger did not accept his governor's salary of $175,000 per year.[121] Schwarzenegger's endorsement in the Republican primary of the 2008 U.S. presidential election was highly sought; despite being good friends with candidates Rudy Giuliani and Senator John McCain, Schwarzenegger remained neutral throughout 2007 and early 2008. Giuliani dropped out of the presidential race on January 30, 2008, largely because of a poor showing in Florida, and endorsed McCain. Later that night, Schwarzenegger was in the audience at a Republican debate at the Ronald Reagan Presidential Library in California. The following day, he endorsed McCain, joking, "It's Rudy's fault!" (in reference to his friendships with both candidates and that he could not make up his mind). Schwarzenegger's endorsement was thought to be a boost for Senator McCain's campaign; both spoke about their concerns for the environment and economy.[122] In its April 2010 report, Progressive ethics watchdog group Citizens for Responsibility and Ethics in Washington named Schwarzenegger one of 11 "worst governors" in the United States because of various ethics issues throughout Schwarzenegger's term as governor.[123][124] Governor Schwarzenegger played a significant role in opposing Proposition 66, a proposed amendment of the Californian Three Strikes Law, in November 2004. This amendment would have required the third felony to be either violent or serious to mandate a 25-years-to-life sentence. In the last week before the ballot, Schwarzenegger launched an intense campaign[125] against Proposition 66.[126] He stated that "it would release 26,000 dangerous criminals and rapists".[127] Although he began his tenure as governor with record high approval ratings (as high as 65% in May 2004),[128] he left office with a record low 23%,[129] only one percent higher than that of Gray Davis, when he was recalled in October 2003. Death of Luis Santos Main article: Death of Luis Santos In May 2010, Esteban Núñez pleaded guilty to voluntary manslaughter and was sentenced to 16 years in prison for the death of Luis Santos. Núñez is the son of Fabian Núñez, then California Assembly Speaker of the House and a close friend and staunch political ally of then governor Schwarzenegger.[130][131][132][133] As a personal favor to "a friend", just hours before he left office, and as one of his last official acts, Schwarzenegger commuted Núñez's sentence by more than half, to seven years.[132][134][135] He believed that Núñez's sentence was "excessive" in comparison with the same prison term imposed on Ryan Jett, the man who fatally stabbed Santos.[136] Against protocol, Schwarzenegger did not inform Santos' family or the San Diego County prosecutors about the commutation. They learned about it in a call from a reporter.[135] The Santos family, along with the San Diego district attorney, sued to stop the commutation, claiming that it violated Marsy's Law. In September 2012, Sacramento County superior court judge Lloyd Connelly stated, "Based on the evidentiary records before this court involving this case, there was an abuse of discretion...This was a distasteful commutation. It was repugnant to the bulk of the citizenry of this state." However, Connelly ruled that Schwarzenegger remained within his executive powers as governor.[130] Subsequently, as a direct result of the way the commutation was handled, Governor Jerry Brown signed a bipartisan bill that allows offenders' victims and their families to be notified at least 10 days before any commutations.[137] Núñez was released from prison after serving less than six years.[138] Drug use and allegations of sexual misconduct Code Pink protesting against Schwarzenegger During his initial campaign for governor in 2003, allegations of sexual and personal misconduct were raised against Schwarzenegger.[139] Within the last five days before the election, news reports appeared in the Los Angeles Times recounting decades-old allegations of sexual misconduct from six individual women.[140][139] Schwarzenegger responded to the allegations in 2004 admitting that he has "behaved badly sometimes" and apologized, but also stated that "a lot of [what] you see in the stories is not true".[141] One of the women who came forward was British television personality Anna Richardson, who settled a libel lawsuit in August 2006 against Schwarzenegger; his top aide, Sean Walsh; and his publicist, Sheryl Main.[142] A joint statement read: "The parties are content to put this matter behind them and are pleased that this legal dispute has now been settled."[142][143] During this time a 1977 interview in adult magazine Oui gained attention, in which Schwarzenegger discussed using substances such as marijuana.[144] Schwarzenegger is shown smoking a marijuana joint after winning Mr. Olympia in 1975 in the documentary film Pumping Iron (1977). In an interview with GQ magazine in October 2007, Schwarzenegger said, "[Marijuana] is not a drug. It's a leaf. My drug was pumping iron, trust me."[145] His spokesperson later said the comment was meant to be a joke.[145] Citizenship Schwarzenegger in 2004 Schwarzenegger became a naturalized U.S. citizen on September 17, 1983.[146] Shortly before he gained his citizenship, he asked the Austrian authorities for the right to keep his Austrian citizenship, as Austria does not usually allow dual citizenship. His request was granted, and he retained his Austrian citizenship.[147] In 2005, Peter Pilz, a member of the Austrian Parliament from the Austrian Green Party, unsuccessfully advocated for Parliament to revoke Schwarzenegger's Austrian citizenship due to his decision not to prevent the executions of Donald Beardslee and Stanley Williams. Pilz argued that Schwarzenegger caused damage to Austria's reputation in the international community because Austria abolished the death penalty in 1968. Pilz based his argument on Article 33 of the Austrian Citizenship Act, which states: "A citizen, who is in the public service of a foreign country, shall be deprived of his citizenship if he heavily damages the reputation or the interests of the Austrian Republic."[119] Pilz claimed that Schwarzenegger's actions in support of the death penalty (prohibited in Austria under Protocol 13 of the European Convention on Human Rights) had damaged Austria's reputation. Schwarzenegger explained his actions by pointing out that his only duty as Governor of California with respect to the death penalty was to correct an error by the justice system by pardon or clemency if such an error had occurred. Environmental record On September 27, 2006, Schwarzenegger signed the Global Warming Solutions Act of 2006, creating the nation's first cap on greenhouse gas emissions. The law set new regulations on the amount of emissions utilities, refineries, and manufacturing plants are allowed to release into the atmosphere. Schwarzenegger also signed a second global warming bill that prohibits large utilities and corporations in California from making long-term contracts with suppliers who do not meet the state's greenhouse gas emission standards. The two bills are part of a plan to reduce California's emissions by 25 percent to 1990s levels by 2020. In 2005, Schwarzenegger issued an executive order calling to reduce greenhouse gases to 80 percent below 1990 levels by 2050.[148] Schwarzenegger signed another executive order on October 17, 2006, allowing California to work with the Northeast's Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative. They plan to reduce carbon dioxide emissions by issuing a limited amount of carbon credits to each power plant in participating states. Any power plants that exceed emissions for the number of carbon credits will have to purchase more credits to cover the difference. The plan took effect in 2009.[149] In addition to using his political power to fight global warming, the governor has taken steps at his home to reduce his personal carbon footprint. Schwarzenegger has adapted one of his Hummers to run on hydrogen and another to run on biofuels. He has also installed solar panels to heat his home.[150] In respect for his contribution to the direction of the US motor industry, Schwarzenegger was invited to open the 2009 SAE World Congress in Detroit on April 20, 2009.[151] In 2011, Schwarzenegger founded the R20 Regions of Climate Action to develop a sustainable, low-carbon economy.[152] In 2017, he joined French President Emmanuel Macron in calling for the adoption of a Global Pact for the Environment.[153] In 2017, Schwarzenegger launched the Austrian World Summit,[154] an international climate conference that is held annually in Vienna, Austria. The Austrian World Summit is organized by the Schwarzenegger Climate Initiative and aims is to bring together representatives from politics, civil society and business to create a broad alliance for climate protection and to identify concrete solutions to the climate crisis. Electoral history California gubernatorial recall election, 2003 Party     Candidate     Votes     %     Republican     Arnold Schwarzenegger     4,206,284     48.6     Democratic     Cruz Bustamante     2,724,874     31.5     Republican     Tom McClintock     1,161,287     13.5     Green     Peter Camejo     242,247     2.8 California gubernatorial election, 2006 Party     Candidate     Votes     %     Republican     Arnold Schwarzenegger (incumbent)     4,850,157     55.9     Democratic     Phil Angelides     3,376,732     38.9     Green     Peter Camejo     205,995     2.4     Libertarian     Art Olivier     114,329     1.3 Presidential ambitions Presidential aspirations by the Austrian-born Schwarzenegger would be blocked by a constitutional hurdle; Article II, Section I, Clause V prevents individuals who are not natural-born citizens of the United States from assuming the office. The Equal Opportunity to Govern Amendment in 2003 was widely accredited as the "Amend for Arnold" bill, which would have added an amendment to the U.S. Constitution allowing his run. In 2004, the "Amend for Arnold" campaign was launched, featuring a website and TV advertising promotion.[155][156] In June 2007, Schwarzenegger was featured on the cover of Time magazine with Michael Bloomberg, and subsequently, the two joked about a presidential ticket together.[157][158] In October 2013, the New York Post reported that Schwarzenegger was exploring a future run for president. At the time he had reportedly been lobbying legislators about a possible constitutional change, or filing a legal challenge to the requirement that presidents be native-born. Columbia University law professor Michael Dorf observed that Schwarzenegger's possible lawsuit could ultimately win him the right to run for the office, noting, "The law is very clear, but it's not 100 percent clear that the courts would enforce that law rather than leave it to the political process."[159][better source needed] Business career Schwarzenegger has had a highly successful business career.[20][36] Following his move to the United States, Schwarzenegger became a "prolific goal setter" and would write his objectives at the start of the year on index cards, like starting a mail order business or buying a new car – and succeed in doing so.[30] By the age of 30, Schwarzenegger was a millionaire, well before his career in Hollywood. His financial independence came from his success as a budding entrepreneur with a series of lucrative business ventures and investments.[citation needed] Bricklaying business, bodybuilding, and fitness mail order In 1968, Schwarzenegger and fellow bodybuilder Franco Columbu started a bricklaying business. The business flourished thanks to the pair's marketing savvy and an increased demand following the 1971 San Fernando earthquake.[160][161] Schwarzenegger and Columbu used profits from their bricklaying venture to start a mail-order business that sold bodybuilding- and fitness-related equipment and instructional tapes.[13][160] Investments Schwarzenegger transferred profits from the mail-order business and his bodybuilding-competition winnings into his first real estate investment venture: an apartment building he purchased for $10,000. He would later go on to invest in a number of real estate holding companies.[162][163] Stallone and Schwarzenegger ended their longtime rivalry by both investing in the Planet Hollywood[66] chain of international theme restaurants (modeled after the Hard Rock Cafe) along with Bruce Willis and Demi Moore. However, Schwarzenegger severed his financial ties with the business in early 2000.[164][165] Schwarzenegger said the company did not have the success he had hoped for, claiming he wanted to focus his attention on "new US global business ventures" and his movie career.[164] Schwarzenegger also invested in a shopping mall in Columbus, Ohio. He has talked about some of those who have helped him over the years in business: "I couldn't have learned about business without a parade of teachers guiding me... from Milton Friedman to Donald Trump... and now, Les Wexner and Warren Buffett. I even learned a thing or two from Planet Hollywood, such as when to get out! And I did!"[26] He has significant ownership in Dimensional Fund Advisors, an investment firm.[166] Schwarzenegger is also the owner of Arnold's Sports Festival, which he started in 1989 and is held annually in Columbus, Ohio. It is a festival that hosts thousands of international health and fitness professionals which has also expanded into a three-day expo. He also owns a movie production company called Oak Productions, Inc. and Fitness Publications, a joint publishing venture with Simon & Schuster.[167] In 2018, Schwarzenegger partnered with LeBron James to found Ladder, a company that developed nutritional supplements to help athletes with severe cramps. The duo sold Ladder to Openfit for an undisclosed amount in 2020 after reporting more than $4 million in sales for that year.[168] Restaurant In 1992, Schwarzenegger and his wife opened a restaurant in Santa Monica called Schatzi On Main. Schatzi literally means "little treasure," and colloquially "honey" or "darling" in German. In 1998, he sold his restaurant.[169] Wealth See also: List of richest American politicians Schwarzenegger's net worth had been conservatively estimated at $100 million to $200 million.[170] After separating from his wife, Maria Shriver, in 2011, it was estimated that his net worth had been approximately $400 million, and even as high as $800 million, based on tax returns he filed in 2006.[171] Over the years, he invested his bodybuilding and film earnings in an array of stocks, bonds, privately controlled companies, and real estate holdings worldwide, making his net worth difficult to accurately estimate, particularly in light of declining real estate values owing to economic recessions in the U.S. and Europe since the late 2000s. In June 1997, he spent $38 million of his own money on a private Gulfstream jet.[172] He once quipped, "Money doesn't make you happy. I now have $50 million, but I was just as happy when I had $48 million."[20] Commercial advertisements He appears in a series of commercials for the Machine Zone game Mobile Strike as a military commander and spokesman.[173] Personal life Early relationships Schwarzenegger with then-wife Maria Shriver at the 2007 Special Olympics in Shanghai In 1969, Schwarzenegger met Barbara Outland (later Barbara Outland Baker), an English teacher with whom he lived until 1974.[174] Schwarzenegger said of Baker in his 1977 memoir, "Basically it came down to this: she was a well-balanced woman who wanted an ordinary, solid life, and I was not a well-balanced man, and hated the very idea of ordinary life."[174] Baker has described Schwarzenegger as a "joyful personality, totally charismatic, adventurous, and athletic" but claims that towards the end of the relationship he became "insufferable—classically conceited—the world revolved around him".[175] Baker published her memoir in 2006, entitled Arnold and Me: In the Shadow of the Austrian Oak.[176] Although Baker painted an unflattering portrait of her former lover at times, Schwarzenegger actually contributed to the tell-all book with a foreword, and also met with Baker for three hours.[176] Baker claims that she only learned of his being unfaithful after they split, and talks of a turbulent and passionate love life.[176] Schwarzenegger has made it clear that their respective recollection of events can differ.[176] The couple first met six to eight months after his arrival in the U.S. Their first date was watching the first Apollo Moon landing on television.[30] They shared an apartment in Santa Monica, California, for three and a half years, and having little money, they would visit the beach all day or have barbecues in the back yard.[30] Although Baker claims that when she first met Schwarzenegger, he had "little understanding of polite society" and she found him a turn-off, she says, "He's as much a self-made man as it's possible to be—he never got encouragement from his parents, his family, his brother. He just had this huge determination to prove himself, and that was very attractive ... I'll go to my grave knowing Arnold loved me."[30] Schwarzenegger met his next lover, Beverly Hills hairdresser's assistant Sue Moray, on Venice Beach in July 1977. According to Moray, the couple led an open relationship: "We were faithful when we were both in LA... but when he was out of town, we were free to do whatever we wanted."[21] Schwarzenegger met television journalist Maria Shriver, niece of President John F. Kennedy, at the Robert F. Kennedy Tennis Tournament in August 1977. He went on to have a relationship with both Moray and Shriver until August 1978 when Moray (who knew of his relationship with Shriver) issued an ultimatum.[21] Marriage and family On April 26, 1986, Schwarzenegger married Shriver in Hyannis, Massachusetts.[177] They have four children, including Katherine Schwarzenegger and Patrick Schwarzenegger.[178][179][180] All of their children were born in Los Angeles.[181] The family lived in an 11,000-square-foot (1,000 m2) home in the Brentwood neighborhood of Los Angeles, California,[182][183] with vacation homes in Sun Valley, Idaho, and Hyannis Port, Massachusetts.[184] They attended St. Monica's Catholic Church.[185] Divorce Schwarzenegger and his son Patrick at Edwards Air Force Base in December 2002 On May 9, 2011, Shriver and Schwarzenegger ended their relationship after 25 years of marriage with Shriver moving out of their Brentwood mansion.[186][187][188] On May 16, 2011, the Los Angeles Times revealed that Schwarzenegger had fathered a son more than 14 years earlier with an employee in their household, Mildred Patricia "Patty" Baena.[189][190][191] "After leaving the governor's office I told my wife about this event, which occurred over a decade ago," Schwarzenegger said to the Times. In the statement, Schwarzenegger did not mention that he had confessed to his wife only after she had confronted him with the information, which she had done after confirming with the housekeeper what she had suspected about the child.[192] Baena is of Guatemalan origin. She was employed by the family for 20 years and retired in January 2011.[193] The pregnant Baena was working in the home while Shriver was pregnant with the youngest of the couple's four children.[194] Baena's son with Schwarzenegger was born days after Shriver gave birth.[195][196] Schwarzenegger said that it took seven or eight years before he found out that he had fathered a child with his housekeeper. It was not until the boy "started looking like [him] ... that [he] put things together".[197] Schwarzenegger has taken financial responsibility for the child "from the start and continued to provide support".[198] KNX 1070 radio reported that, in 2010, he bought a new four-bedroom house with a pool for Baena and their son in Bakersfield, California.[199] Baena separated from her husband, Rogelio, a few months after Joseph’s birth. She filed for divorce in 2008.[200] Rogelio said that the child's birth certificate was falsified and that he planned to sue Schwarzenegger for engaging in conspiracy to falsify a public document, a serious crime in California.[201] Pursuant to the divorce judgment, Schwarzenegger kept the Brentwood home, while Shriver purchased a new home nearby so that the children could travel between their parents' homes. They shared custody of the two youngest children.[202] Schwarzenegger came under fire after the initial petition did not include spousal support and a reimbursement of attorney's fees.[86] However, he claims this was not intentional and that he signed the initial documents without having properly read them.[86] He filed amended divorce papers remedying this.[86][203] Schwarzenegger and Shriver finalized their divorce in 2021, ten years after separating.[204][205] In June 2022, a jury ruled that Maria Shriver was entitled to half of her ex-husband's post-divorce savings that he earned from 1986 to 2011, including a pension.[206] After the scandal, Danish-Italian actress Brigitte Nielsen came forward and stated that she too had an affair with Schwarzenegger during the production of Red Sonja, while he had just started his relationship with Shriver,[207] saying, "Maybe I wouldn't have got into it if he said 'I'm going to marry Maria' and this is deadly serious, but he didn't, and our affair carried on."[207] When asked in January 2014, "Of all the things you are famous for ... which are you least proud of?" Schwarzenegger replied, "I'm least proud of the mistakes I made that caused my family pain and split us up."[208] Schwarzenegger eventually confirmed the affair in several reports.[209][210][211] Accidents, injuries, and other health problems Health problems Schwarzenegger was born with a bicuspid aortic valve, an aortic valve with only two leaflets, where a normal aortic valve has three.[212][213] He opted in 1997 for a replacement heart valve made from his own pulmonic valve, which itself was replaced with a cadaveric pulmonic valve, in a Ross procedure; medical experts predicted he would require pulmonic heart valve replacement surgery within the next two to eight years because his valve would progressively degrade. Schwarzenegger apparently opted against a mechanical valve, the only permanent solution available at the time of his surgery, because it would have sharply limited his physical activity and capacity to exercise.[214] On March 29, 2018, Schwarzenegger underwent emergency open-heart surgery for replacement of his replacement pulmonic valve.[215] He said about his recovery: "I underwent open-heart surgery this spring, I had to use a walker. I had to do breathing exercises five times a day to retrain my lungs. I was frustrated and angry, and in my worst moments, I couldn't see the way back to my old self."[216] In 2020, 23 years after his first surgery, Schwarzenegger underwent a surgery for a new aortic valve.[217] Accidents, injuries On December 9, 2001, he broke six ribs and was hospitalized for four days after a motorcycle crash in Los Angeles.[218] Schwarzenegger saved a drowning man in 2004 while on vacation in Hawaii by swimming out and bringing him back to shore.[219] On January 8, 2006, while Schwarzenegger was riding his Harley Davidson motorcycle in Los Angeles with his son Patrick in the sidecar, another driver backed into the street he was riding on, causing him and his son to collide with the car at a low speed. While his son and the other driver were unharmed, Schwarzenegger sustained an injury to his lip requiring 15 stitches. "No citations were issued," said Officer Jason Lee, a Los Angeles Police Department spokesman.[220] Schwarzenegger did not obtain his motorcycle license until July 3, 2006.[221] Schwarzenegger tripped over his ski pole and broke his right femur while skiing in Sun Valley, Idaho, with his family on December 23, 2006.[222] On December 26, he underwent a 90-minute operation in which cables and screws were used to wire the broken bone back together. He was released from St. John's Health Center on December 30, 2006.[223] Schwarzenegger's private jet made an emergency landing at Van Nuys Airport on June 19, 2009, after the pilot reported smoke coming from the cockpit, according to a statement released by his press secretary. No one was harmed in the incident.[224] On May 18, 2019, while on a visit to South Africa, Schwarzenegger was attacked and dropkicked from behind by an unknown malefactor while giving autographs to his fans at one of the local schools. Despite the surprise and unprovoked nature of the attack, he reportedly suffered no injuries and continued to interact with fans. The attacker was apprehended and Schwarzenegger declined to press charges against him.[225][226][227] Schwarzenegger was involved in a multi-vehicle collision on the afternoon of Friday, January 21, 2022. Schwarzenegger was driving a black GMC Yukon SUV near the intersections of Sunset Blvd and Allenford Ave in the Brentwood neighborhood of Los Angeles, when his vehicle collided with a red Toyota Prius. The driver of the Prius was transported to the hospital for injuries sustained to her head. Schwarzenegger was uninjured.[228][229][230] Height Schwarzenegger's official height of 6 ft 2 in (1.88 m) has been brought into question by several articles. During his bodybuilding days in the late 1960s, it was claimed that he measured 6 ft 1.5 in (1.867 m). However, in 1988, both the Daily Mail and Time Out magazine mentioned that Schwarzenegger appeared noticeably shorter.[231] Prior to running for governor, Schwarzenegger's height was once again questioned in an article by the Chicago Reader.[232] As governor, Schwarzenegger engaged in a light-hearted exchange with Assemblyman Herb Wesson over their heights. At one point, Wesson made an unsuccessful attempt to, in his own words, "settle this once and for all and find out how tall he is" by using a tailor's tape measure on the Governor.[233] Schwarzenegger retaliated by placing a pillow stitched with the words "Need a lift?" on the five-foot-five-inch (1.65 m) Wesson's chair before a negotiating session in his office.[234] Democrat Bob Mulholland also claimed Schwarzenegger was 5 ft 10 in (1.78 m) and that he wore risers in his boots.[235] In 1999, Men's Health magazine stated his height was 5 ft 10 in (1.78 m).[236] Autobiography Schwarzenegger's autobiography, Total Recall, was released in October 2012. He devotes one chapter called "The Secret" to his extramarital affair. The majority of his book is about his successes in the three major chapters in his life: bodybuilder, actor, and Governor of California.[237] Vehicles Growing up during the Allied occupation of Austria, Schwarzenegger commonly saw heavy military vehicles such as tanks as a child.[238] As a result, he paid $20,000 to bring his Austrian Army M47 Patton tank (331) to the United States,[239] which he previously operated during his mandatory service in 1965. However, he later obtained his vehicle in 1991/2,[240] during his tenure as the Chairmen of the President's Council on Sports, Fitness, and Nutrition,[241] and now uses it to support his charity.[240] His first car ever was an Opel Kadett in 1969 after serving in the Austrian army, then he rode a Harley-Davidson Fat Boy in 1991.[242] Moreover, he came to develop an interest in large vehicles and became the first civilian in the U.S. to purchase a Humvee. He was so enamored by the vehicle that he lobbied the Humvee's manufacturer, AM General, to produce a street-legal, civilian version, which they did in 1992; the first two Hummer H1s they sold were also purchased by Schwarzenegger. In 2010, he had one regular and three running on non-fossil power sources; one for hydrogen, one for vegetable oil, and one for biodiesel.[243] Schwarzenegger was in the news in 2014 for buying a rare Bugatti Veyron Grand Sport Vitesse. He was spotted and filmed in 2015 in his car, painted silver with bright aluminum forged wheels. His Bugatti has its interior adorned in dark brown leather.[244] In 2017, Schwarzenegger acquired a Mercedes G-Class modified for all-electric drive.[245] The Hummers that Schwarzenegger bought in 1992 are so large—each weighs 6,300 lb (2,900 kg) and is 7 feet (2.1 m) wide—that they are classified as large trucks, and U.S. fuel economy regulations do not apply to them. During the gubernatorial recall campaign, he announced that he would convert one of his Hummers to burn hydrogen. The conversion was reported to have cost about $21,000. After the election, he signed an executive order to jump-start the building of hydrogen refueling plants called the California Hydrogen Highway Network, and gained a U.S. Department of Energy grant to help pay for its projected US$91,000,000 cost.[246] California took delivery of the first H2H (Hydrogen Hummer) in October 2004.[247] Public image and legacy Schwarzenegger with Russian powerlifter Maryana Naumova at the Arnold Sports Festival, 2013 Schwarzenegger at Camp Buehring in Kuwait in 2016 Schwarzenegger has been involved with the Special Olympics for many years after they were founded by his ex-mother-in-law Eunice Kennedy Shriver.[248] In 2007, Schwarzenegger was the official spokesperson for the Special Olympics held in Shanghai, China.[249] Schwarzenegger believes that quality school opportunities should be made available to children who might not normally be able to access them.[250] In 1995, he founded the Inner City Games Foundation (ICG) which provides cultural, educational and community enrichment programming to youth. ICG is active in 15 cities around the country and serves over 250,000 children in over 400 schools countrywide.[250] He has also been involved with After-School All-Stars and founded the Los Angeles branch in 2002.[251] ASAS is an after school program provider, educating youth about health, fitness and nutrition. On February 12, 2010, Schwarzenegger took part in the Vancouver Olympic Torch relay. He handed off the flame to the next runner, Sebastian Coe.[252] Schwarzenegger had a collection of Marxist busts, which he requested from Russian friends during the dissolution of the Soviet Union, as they were being destroyed. In 2011, he revealed that his wife had requested their removal, but he kept the one of Vladimir Lenin present, since "he was the first".[253] In 2015, he said he kept the Lenin bust to "show losers".[254] Schwarzenegger is a supporter of Israel, and has participated in a Los Angeles pro-Israel rally[255] among other similar events.[256] In 2004, Schwarzenegger visited Israel to break ground on Simon Wiesenthal Center's Museum of Tolerance Jerusalem, and to lay a wreath at the Yad Vashem Holocaust Memorial, he also met with Prime Minister Ariel Sharon and President Moshe Katsav.[257] In 2011, at the Independence Day celebration hosted by the Israeli Consulate General in Los Angeles, Schwarzenegger said: "I love Israel. When I became governor, Israel was the first country that I visited. When I had the chance to sign a bill calling on California pension funds to divest their money from companies that do business with Iran, I immediately signed that bill", then he added, "I knew that we could not send money to these crazy dictators who hate us and threaten Israel any time they have a bad day."[256] Schwarzenegger with former Chancellor of Austria, Christian Kern in September 2017 Schwarzenegger supported the 2003 invasion of Iraq.[258] Schwarzenegger also expressed support for the 2011 military intervention in Libya.[259] In 2014, Schwarzenegger released a video message in support of the Euromaidan protests against Ukraine's pro-Russian President Viktor Yanukovych.[260] In 2022, Schwarzenegger released another video message condemning the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine. Schwarzenegger's Twitter account is one of the 22 accounts that the president of Russia's Twitter account follows.[261] Schwarzenegger, who played football as a boy, grew up watching Bayern Munich and Sturm Graz.[262] He also expressed his admiration of Jürgen Klopp's Liverpool in October 2019.[262] Schwarzenegger inspired many actors to become action heroes, including Dwayne Johnson,[263][264] Matt McColm,[265] Christian Boeving,[266] Vidyut Jamwal,[267] and Daniel Greene.[266] Boeving's character in the 2003 action film When Eagles Strike was based on Schwarzenegger's image from the late 1980s: mostly on Major "Dutch" Schaefer from Predator (1987) and Colonel John Matrix from Commando (1985).[268] Schwarzenegger Institute for State and Global Policy In 2012, Schwarzenegger helped to found the Schwarzenegger Institute for State and Global Policy, which is a part of the USC Price School of Public Policy at the University of Southern California.[269] The institute's mission is to "[advance] post-partisanship, where leaders put people over political parties and work together to find the best ideas and solutions to benefit the people they serve" and to "seek to influence public policy and public debate in finding solutions to the serious challenges we face".[270] Schwarzenegger serves as chairman of the institute.[271] Global warming At a 2015 security conference, Schwarzenegger called climate change the issue of our time.[272] He also urged politicians to stop treating climate change as a political issue.[273] 2016 presidential election For the 2016 Republican Party presidential primaries, Schwarzenegger endorsed fellow Republican John Kasich.[274] However, he announced in October that he would not vote for the Republican presidential candidate Donald Trump in that year's United States presidential election, with this being the first time he did not vote for the Republican candidate since becoming a citizen in 1983.[275][276][277] Post-2016 Schwarzenegger participating in a video promoting wearing face masks during the C19 pandemic. The video features appearances of all the living governors of California. In recent years, Schwarzenegger has been advocating for eating less meat,[278] and he is an executive producer alongside James Cameron et al. behind the documentary The Game Changers,[279] that documents the explosive rise of plant-based eating in professional sports, in which he is also featured. In 2017, Schwarzenegger condemned white supremacists who were seen carrying Nazi and Confederate flags by calling their heroes "losers".[280] In 2019, while at the "Arnold Classic Africa" sports competition as an official, Schwarzenegger was attacked by an assailant in a flying kick. The assailant was arrested.[281] Following the January 6 United States Capitol attack by supporters of President Donald Trump, Schwarzenegger posted a video address on social media in which he likened the insurrection to Nazi Germany's Kristallnacht, which he described as "a night of rampage against the Jews carried out [by] the Nazi equivalent of the Proud Boys". He spoke of his father's alcoholism, domestic violence, and abuse, and how it was typical of other former Nazis and collaborators in the post-war era; and described Trump as "a failed leader. He will go down in history as the worst president ever."[282][283] In late March 2021, Schwarzenegger was interviewed by Politico about the upcoming recall election in California in which he said that "it's pretty much the same atmosphere today as it was then",[284] and when he was asked about Newsom's claim of this being a "Republican recall" he responded that "this recall effort is sparked by ordinary folks", and that this was not a power grab by Republicans.[285][286] Schwarzenegger has spoken out about c19, urging Americans to wear masks and practice social distancing. In August 2021, he stated "There is a virus here. It kills people and the only way we prevent it is: get vaccinated, wear masks, do social distancing, washing your hands all the time, and not just to think about, 'Well my freedom is being kind of disturbed here.' No, screw your freedom."[287] In February 2022, Schwarzenegger said his diet has been mostly vegan for the past five years, saying it was about 80% plant-based food. He has been outspoken about the benefits of a vegan diet for health and said it had helped him feel "healthier and younger overall". He also credited it to helping him lower his cholesterol.[288] Filmography Main article: Arnold Schwarzenegger filmography     Hercules in New York (1970)     Pumping Iron (1977)     The Comeback (1980)     Conan the Barbarian (1982)     Conan the Destroyer (1984)     The Terminator (1984)     Commando (1985)     Raw Deal (1986)     Predator (1987)     The Running Man (1987)     Red Heat (1988)     Twins (1988)     Total Recall (1990)     Kindergarten Cop (1990)     Terminator 2: Judgment Day (1991)     Last Action Hero (1993)     True Lies (1994)     Junior (1994)     Eraser (1996)     Jingle All the Way (1996)     Batman & Robin (1997)     End of Days (1999)     The 6th Day (2000)     Collateral Damage (2002)     Terminator 3: Rise of the Machines (2003)     The Expendables (2010)     The Expendables 2 (2012)     The Last Stand (2013)     Escape Plan (2013)     The Expendables 3 (2014)     Sabotage (2014)     Maggie (2015)     Terminator Genisys (2015)     Aftermath (2017)     Terminator: Dark Fate (2019) Awards and honors Main article: List of awards and nominations received by Arnold Schwarzenegger     Seven-time Mr. Olympia winner     Four-time Mr. Universe winner     1969 World Amateur Bodybuilding Champion     1977 Golden Globe Award winner     Medal for Humanitary Merit of the Austrian Albert Schweitzer Society (2011)[289]     Star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame     International Sports Hall of Fame (class of 2012)[290]     Public art mural portrait "Arnold Schwarzenegger" (2012) by Jonas Never, Venice, Los Angeles[291]     WWE Hall of Fame (class of 2015)[292][293]     Schwarzenegger Institute for State and Global Policy (part of the USC Price School of Public Policy at the University of Southern California) named in his honor.[271]     Arnold's Run ski trail at Sun Valley Resort named in his honor.[294] The trail is categorized as a black diamond, or most difficult, for its terrain.     "A Day for Arnold" on July 30, 2007, in Thal, Austria. For his 60th birthday, the mayor sent Schwarzenegger the enameled address sign (Thal 145) of the house where Schwarzenegger was born, declaring "This belongs to him. No one here will ever be assigned that number again".[293][295]     Inkpot Award[296] Government orders and decorations     Grand Decoration of Honour for Services to the Republic of Austria in Gold (1993)[297]     Cavalier (2011) and Commander (2017) of the French Legion of Honor[298][299]     Honorary Ring of the Federal State of Styria (Austria, June 2017)[300] Books     Schwarzenegger, Arnold (1977). Arnold: Developing a Mr. Universe Physique. Schwarzenegger. OCLC 6457784.     Schwarzenegger, Arnold; Douglas Kent Hall (1977). Arnold: The Education of a Bodybuilder. New York: Simon & Schuster. ISBN 978-0-671-22879-8.     Schwarzenegger, Arnold; Douglas Kent Hall (1979). Arnold's Bodyshaping for Women. New York: Simon & Schuster. ISBN 978-0-671-24301-2.     Schwarzenegger, Arnold; Bill Dobbins (1981). Arnold's Bodybuilding for Men. New York: Simon & Schuster. ISBN 978-0-671-25613-5.     Schwarzenegger, Arnold; Bill Dobbins (1998). The New Encyclopedia of Modern Bodybuilding (Rev. ed.). New York: Simon & Schuster. ISBN 978-0-684-84374-2.     Schwarzenegger, Arnold (2012). Total Recall. New York: Simon & Schuster. ISBN 978-1-84983-971-6. See also     flagCalifornia portal flagAustria portal Biography portal     Genealogy of the Kennedy family     List of U.S. state governors born outside the United States References Footnotes Citations Sullivan, Andrew (April 26, 2004). "The 2004 TIME 100 - TIME". Time. ISSN 0040-781X. Retrieved April 1, 2022. Kennedy, Robert F. Jr. (May 3, 2007). "The 2007 TIME 100 - TIME". Time. ISSN 0040-781X. Retrieved April 1, 2022. Heffernan, Conor (August 11, 2016). "Who is the Best Bodybuilder Ever? An In-Depth Analysis". Physicalculturestudy.com. Retrieved May 24, 2022.[permanent dead link] Robson, David (April 10, 2015). "Who Is The Greatest Mr. Olympia Winner Of All Time? A Critical Review Of Past Mr. Olympia Champions!". Bodybuilding.com. Retrieved May 24, 2022. Gentilcore, Tony (March 2, 2018). "Lift Heavy To Build Muscle Like Arnold Schwarzenegger". Powerlifting.com. Archived from the original on July 15, 2018. Retrieved May 30, 2018. "50 years of the Mr Olympia | MUSCLE INSIDER". muscleinsider.com. Archived from the original on October 6, 2018. Retrieved January 30, 2019. Katz, Ephraim (2006). Film Encyclopedia. HarperCollins. ISBN 978-0-06-074214-0. Ebert, Roger (June 17, 1988). "Red Heat movie review & film summary (1988)". RogerEbert.com. Retrieved March 2, 2021. Keslassy, Elsa (October 14, 2019). "Alibaba's Youku Boards 'Stan Lee's Superhero Kindergarten' With Arnold Schwarzenegger". Variety. Retrieved October 19, 2020. Kurtzman, Laura (January 5, 2007). "Schwarzenegger Sworn in for Second Term". The Washington Post. Associated Press. Archived from the original on November 4, 2012. Retrieved April 23, 2008. "Arnold Schwarzenegger at University of Houston Commencement: 'None of Us Can Make It Alone'". Time. May 15, 2017. Retrieved March 2, 2021. "Arnold Schwarzenegger and Maria Shriver Officially Divorced". TMZ. December 28, 2021. Retrieved December 29, 2021. "Arnold Schwarzenegger: Biography". Schwarzenegger.com. Archived from the original on December 31, 2017. Retrieved December 31, 2017. Tracy Wilkinson; Matt Lait (August 14, 2003). "Austrian Archives Reveal Nazi Military Role of Actor's Father". Los Angeles Times. "Arnie: 'I was abused as child'". The Scotsman. Edinburgh. August 4, 2004. Archived from the original on August 18, 2010. Retrieved April 18, 2008. "Surprised by Russia: 5 things that charmed Arnold Schwarzenegger in Moscow". Russia Beyond. February 20, 2018. Archived from the original on July 18, 2018. Retrieved July 17, 2018. "Records: Arnold's father was member of Nazi storm troops". USA Today. August 24, 2003. 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Retrieved June 1, 2017. "Maria Shriver Entitled to Half of Arnold Schwarzenegger's Retirement Money After Finalizing Divorce". www.usmagazine.com. June 22, 2022. Zervos, Cassie (June 4, 2011). "Love rat Arnold Schwarzenegger cheated on me: Brigitte Nielsen". Herald Sun. Australia. Archived from the original on July 4, 2011. Retrieved October 9, 2011. Schwarzenegger, Arnold. "IamArnold. AMA 2.0". Reddit. Archived from the original on January 22, 2014. Retrieved January 21, 2014. [1][permanent dead link] Davison, Tamara (July 16, 2020). "Arnold Schwarzenegger 'tried every sex act' with Brigitte Nielsen in saucy fling". mirror. Sieczkowski, Cavan (September 29, 2012). "Arnold Schwarzenegger Admits To Affair With Brigitte Nielsen". HuffPost. "Surgery Leaves Star Undimmed". The Free Library. Farlex. April 18, 1997. Archived from the original on October 24, 2012. Retrieved July 29, 2008. Starnes, Dr. Vaughn A. (March 8, 2001). "Renowned Cardiac Surgeon Proclaims Medical "Facts" In Article "Represent No Facts At All"". Archived from the original on May 23, 2008. Retrieved March 3, 2009. "Schwarzenegger Has Elective Heart Surgery". The New York Times. April 18, 1997. Archived from the original on May 30, 2008. Retrieved December 29, 2021. "'I'm back': Arnold Schwarzenegger in stable condition after heart surgery". Sky News. March 30, 2018. Archived from the original on March 30, 2018. Retrieved March 30, 2018. Schwarzenegger, Arnold (December 12, 2018). "Schwarzenegger: How I fought my way back to fitness". CNN. Archived from the original on December 12, 2018. McNary, Janet W. Lee, Dave; Lee, Janet W.; McNary, Dave (October 24, 2020). "Arnold Schwarzenegger in 'Fantastic' Condition Following Heart Surgery". Variety. Retrieved November 18, 2021. "Schwarzenegger, son get in motorcycle accident". USA Today. Associated Press. January 9, 2006. Archived from the original on April 14, 2008. Retrieved April 18, 2008. 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Salladay, Robert (October 23, 2003). "Incoming governor's mantra: 'Action'". San Francisco Chronicle. Archived from the original on March 28, 2008. Retrieved April 18, 2008. Weintraub, Daniel. "Schwarzenegger Blinked" (PDF). National Conference of State Legislators. Archived from the original (PDF) on June 4, 2007. Retrieved April 18, 2008. "The Governator II: At first it seemed like a bad joke". Arnoldwatch.org. October 7, 2004. Archived from the original on May 25, 2017. Retrieved March 8, 2010. Mathews, Jay (August 3, 1999). "The Shrinking Field". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on November 3, 2012. Retrieved July 23, 2012. "Arnold Schwarzenegger talks scandal, new book with '60 Minutes'". Abclocal.go.com. September 28, 2012. Archived from the original on November 6, 2013. Retrieved January 22, 2015. "Arnold Schwarzenegger: My army tank mistake". Archived from the original on June 26, 2019. Retrieved May 29, 2019 – via YouTube. 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"Arnold Schwarzenegger will now drive a new custom all-electric Mercedes G-Class made by Kreisel Electric". Electrek. Archived from the original on February 1, 2017. Retrieved January 23, 2017. "Thanks to Arnold, California, to Pave the Hydrogen Highway". BMW World. Archived from the original on March 16, 2008. Retrieved April 18, 2008. Wickell, Dale. "HUMMER H2H Hydrogen Powered Experimental Vehicle". About.com. Archived from the original on May 25, 2011. Retrieved April 18, 2008. "Arnold Schwarzenegger Charity: Special Olympics, After-School All-Stars". Forbes. Archived from the original on August 28, 2011. Retrieved March 22, 2012. "Arnold Schwarzenegger Charity Work, Events and Causes". Archived from the original on January 13, 2012. Retrieved March 22, 2012. "Board of Directors". Archived from the original on March 15, 2012. Retrieved March 22, 2012. "After-School All-Stars, Los Angeles". Archived from the original on March 5, 2012. Retrieved March 22, 2012. 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"Dwayne 'The Rock' Johnson Is This Generation's Much-Needed Arnold Schwarzenegger". Hypebeast. July 11, 2017. Retrieved January 5, 2021. "Movie Trends / What's happened to all the shoot-'em-up films? Who's the next Sly or Jean-Claude?". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved January 5, 2021. Nowicki, Albert (December 6, 2015). "Ranking. Gwiazdy kina akcji, które zgasły prędzej niż rozbłysły". Movies Room (in Polish). Archived from the original on January 14, 2016. Retrieved January 5, 2021. "Vidyut Jamwal wants to be the Indian Arnold Schwarzenegger". NDTV Movies. January 18, 2013. Retrieved January 5, 2021. "Operation Balikatan (2003) − Trivia − IMDb". IMDb. Amazon. Archived from the original on March 17, 2020. Retrieved January 5, 2021. "USC Schwarzenegger Institute for State and Global Policy | Politics & Issues – Arnold Schwarzenegger". Schwarzenegger.com. Archived from the original on January 22, 2015. Retrieved January 22, 2015. "About the Institute | USC Schwarzenegger Institute for State and Global Policy". Schwarzenegger.usc.edu. Archived from the original on January 22, 2015. Retrieved January 22, 2015. "Leadership | USC Schwarzenegger Institute for State and Global Policy". Schwarzenegger.usc.edu. Archived from the original on January 22, 2015. Retrieved January 22, 2015. "Schwarzenegger: Climate change is 'the issue of our time'". MSNBC. 2015. Archived from the original on February 3, 2016. Retrieved February 8, 2016. "Arnold Schwarzenegger: Republicans need to stop treating climate change like a political issue". Business Insider. December 9, 2015. Archived from the original on October 26, 2019. Retrieved October 26, 2019. "Schwarzenegger calls Kasich the 'Terminator'". New Hampshire Union Leader. Archived from the original on February 15, 2016. "Arnold Schwarzenegger Will Not Be Voting For Donald Trump". People. October 8, 2016. Archived from the original on October 9, 2016. Retrieved October 9, 2016. 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Comic-Con International: San Diego. December 6, 2012. "Österreichische Nationalbibliothek – Goldenes Ehrenzeichen für Arnold Schwarzenegger". bildarchivaustria.at. Archived from the original on September 27, 2017. Retrieved July 29, 2019. "A bad week for the males of our species". Salon. May 19, 2011. Archived from the original on November 2, 2019. Retrieved September 18, 2019. "Arnold Schwarzenegger Receives France's Highest Honor for his Environmental Work". People. Archived from the original on March 31, 2018. Retrieved September 18, 2019.     Wutti, Kerstin (June 22, 2017). "Arnold Schwarzenegger erhielt Ehrenring des Landes Steiermark" (in German). meinbezirk.at. Archived from the original on July 29, 2019. Retrieved July 29, 2019. Further reading     Andrews, Nigel (2003). True Myths: The Life and Times of Arnold Schwarzenegger: From Pumping Iron to Governor of California (rev. ed.). New York: Bloomsbury. ISBN 978-1-58234-465-2.     Baker, Todd (director) (November 11, 1999). Arnold Schwarzenegger: Hollywood Hero (Television production (special)).     Blitz, Michael; Louise Krasniewicz (2004). Why Arnold Matters: The Rise of a Cultural Icon. New York: Basic Books. ISBN 978-0-465-03752-0.     Borowitz, Andy (2004). Governor Arnold: A Photodiary of His First 100 Days in Office. New York: Simon & Schuster. ISBN 978-0-7432-6266-8.     Brandon, Karen (2004). Arnold Schwarzenegger. San Diego: Lucent Books. ISBN 978-1-59018-539-1.     Saunders, Dave (2008). "Arnie": Schwarzenegger and the Movies. London: I. B. Tauris.     Sexton, Colleen A. (2005). Arnold Schwarzenegger. Minneapolis: Lerner Publications. ISBN 978-0-8225-1634-7.     Zannos, Susan (2000). Arnold Schwarzenegger. Childs, Md.: Mitchell Lane. ISBN 978-1-883845-95-7. External links Arnold Schwarzenegger at Wikipedia's sister projects     Media from Commons     News from Wikinews     Quotations from Wikiquote     Texts from Wikisource     Data from Wikidata     Official website     Schwarzenegger Museum     Arnold Schwarzenegger at Curlie     Arnold Schwarzenegger on WWE.com     Appearances on C-SPAN     Arnold Schwarzenegger at IMDb     Arnold Schwarzenegger at the TCM Movie Database     Schwarzenegger competing in Mr. Universe (1969) from British Pathé at YouTube Government offices Preceded by Dick Kazmaier     Chair of the President's Council on Physical Fitness and Sports 1990–1993     Succeeded by Florence Griffith Joyner as Co-Chair Succeeded by Tom McMillen as Co-Chair Party political offices Preceded by Bill Simon     Republican nominee for Governor of California 2003, 2006     Succeeded by Meg Whitman Political offices Preceded by Gray Davis     Governor of California 2003–2011     Succeeded by Jerry Brown U.S. order of precedence (ceremonial) Preceded by Gray Davis as Former Governor     Order of precedence of the United States Within California     Succeeded by Mike Castle as Former Governor Order of precedence of the United States Outside California     Succeeded by Al Quie as Former Governor     vte Arnold Schwarzenegger     Filmography Political career Awards Political career         2003 California gubernatorial recall election First term 2006 California gubernatorial election Second term Opinion polling LGBT rights Family         Gustav Schwarzenegger (father) Patrick M. Knapp Schwarzenegger (nephew) Maria Shriver (ex-wife) Katherine Schwarzenegger (daughter) Patrick Schwarzenegger (son) Chris Pratt (son-in law) Related         Arnold Classic Arnold Sports Festival Agra schwarzeneggeri Richardson v Schwarzenegger Planet Hollywood Statue of Arnold Schwarzenegger     Category Awards for Arnold Schwarzenegger     vte Golden Globe Award for New Star of the Year – Actor 1940s         Richard Widmark (1948) No Award (1949) 1950s         Gene Nelson / Richard Todd (1950) No Award (1951) Kevin McCarthy (1952) Richard Burton (1953) Richard Egan / Steve Forrest / Hugh O'Brian (1954) Joe Adams / George Nader / Jeff Richards (1955) Ray Danton / Russ Tamblyn (1956) John Kerr / Paul Newman / Anthony Perkins (1957) James Garner / John Saxon / Patrick Wayne (1958) John Gavin / Bradford Dillman / Efrem Zimbalist Jr. (1959) 1960s         George Hamilton / Barry Coe / Troy Donahue / James Shigeta (1960) Michael Callan / Mark Damon / Brett Halsey (1961) Warren Beatty / Richard Beymer / Bobby Darin (1962) Keir Dullea / Peter O'Toole / Omar Sharif / Terence Stamp (1963) Albert Finney / Stathis Giallelis / Robert Walker (1964) Harve Presnell / George Segal / Topol (1965) Robert Redford (1966) James Farentino (1967) Dustin Hoffman (1968) Leonard Whiting (1969) 1970s         Jon Voight (1970) James Earl Jones (1971) Desi Arnaz Jr. (1972) Edward Albert (1973) Paul Le Mat (1974) Joseph Bottoms (1975) Brad Dourif (1976) Arnold Schwarzenegger (1977) No Award (1978) Brad Davis (1979) 1980s         Ricky Schroder (1980) Timothy Hutton (1981) Ben Kingsley (1983)     vte Inkpot Award (2010s) 2010         Peter Bagge Brian Michael Bendis Berkeley Breathed Kurt Busiek Dave Dorman Moto Hagio Charlaine Harris Stuart Immonen Phil Jimenez Jenette Kahn Keith Knight Milo Manara Andy Manzi Larry Marder Tom Palmer Drew Struzan James Sturm Carol Tyler Anna-Marie Villegas Al Wiesner 2011         Anina Bennett Jordi Bernet Joyce Brabner Chester Brown Seymour Chwast Alan Davis Dick DeBartolo Dawn Devine Tony DeZuniga Eric Drooker Joyce Farmer Tsuneo Gōda Paul Guinan John Higgins Jamal Igle Peter Kuper Richard A. Lupoff Pat Lupoff Steve Sansweet Bill Schelly Steven Spielberg Frank Stack Jeff Walker 2012         Charlie Adlard Bill Amend Alison Bechdel Tim Bradstreet Mike Carey Peter Coogan Geof Darrow Randy Duncan Ben Edlund Gary Gianni Larry Hama Peter F. Hamilton Mario Hernandez Klaus Janson Joe Jusko Robert Kirkman Erik Larsen Rob Liefeld Andy Mangels Rudy Nebres Whilce Portacio James Robinson Lou Scheimer Arnold Schwarzenegger Jim Silke Marc Silvestri Michael E. Uslan Trevor Von Eeden Mark Waid Thomas Yeates 2013         Jon Bogdanove Alan Campbell Gerry Conway Denys Cowan Michael Davis Gene Deitch José Delbo Derek T. Dingle Paul Dini Ellen Forney Gary Frank Tony Isabella Dan Jurgens Sam Kieth Jack Larson Elliot S! Maggin Leonard Maltin Jeff Mariotte Val Mayerik Dean Mullaney Martin Pasko Fred Perry Ruth Sanderson Romeo Tanghal Bruce Timm 2014         Ray Billingsley June Brigman Mark Brooks Amanda Conner Brian Crane Chuck Dixon Jane Espenson Bill Finger Drew Friedman Michael T. Gilbert Brian Haberlin Willie Ito Kelley Jones Katherine Morrison Julie Newmar Graham Nolan Michelle Nolan Jimmy Palmiotti Benoît Peeters John Picacio Mimi Pond Joe Quesada Sam Raimi Don Rosa Brian Stelfreeze Burt Ward 2015         Jerry Beck Greg Capullo Mike Catron Carlos Ezquerra Andrew Farago Dave Garcia Tom Grummett Jackson Guice Chip Kidd Steve Lieber Laura Martin Dave McCaig Bill Mumy Kevin Nowlan Joe Philips Hilary B. Price Humberto Ramos Jimmie Robinson Luis Royo Jen Sorensen Richard Starkings Kazuki Takahashi Jill Thompson Jhonen Vasquez Craig Yoe 2016         Jason Aaron Derf Backderf Michael Barrier Luc Besson Peggy Burns Peter David Jim Davis Tom Devlin Ben Dunn Matt Fraction William Gibson Kieron Gillen Mike Judge Hidenori Kusaka Ed McGuinness Jamie McKelvie Tsutomu Nihei Christopher Priest Phil Roman Alex Sinclair John Trimble Satoshi Yamamoto 2017         Andrew Aydin Jon Bogdanove Alan Burnett Joyce Chin Kevin Feige Robin Hobb John Lewis Jeph Loeb Jonathan Maberry Glenn McCoy Keith Pollard Nate Powell Brian Selznick R. Sikoryak Alex Simmons Gail Simone R. L. Stine Ron Wilson 2018         Yoshitaka Amano Marc Bernardin Cory Doctorow Brian Fies Richard Friend Alex Grecian Deborah Harkness Elizabeth Hand Larry Houston David W. Mack Nichelle Nichols Liniers Brian Pulido Randy Reynaldo Eric Reynolds Kevin Smith Peter Tomasi Shannon Wheeler Rafael Albuquerque 2019         Wendy All Leigh Bardugo Jon B. Cooke Mary Fleener Gene Ha Jonathan Hickman Arvell Jones Charlie Kochman Craig Miller Paco Roca Scott Snyder Billy Tucci Chris Ware Maryelizabeth Yturralde     Complete list 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s 2010s     vte Laureus Sport for Good Award 2000s         2000: Eunice Kennedy Shriver 2001: Kipchoge Keino 2002: Peter Blake 2003: Arnold Schwarzenegger 2004: India and Pakistan men's cricket teams & Mathare Youth Sports Association 2005: Gerry Storey 2006: Jürgen Griesbeck 2007: Luke Dowdney 2008: Brendan and Sean Tuohey 2009: Award not given 2010s         2010: Dikembe Mutombo 2011: May El-Khalil 2012: Raí 2013: Award not given 2014: Magic Bus 2015: Skateistan 2016: Moving the Goalposts 2017: Waves for Change 2018: Active Communities Network 2019: Yuwa 2020: South Bronx United     vte The Life Career Award 1970s         Fritz Lang (1976) Samuel Z. Arkoff (1977) Christopher Lee (1979) 1980s         Gene Roddenberry (1980) William Shatner (1980) John Agar (1981) Ray Harryhausen (1982) Martin B. Cohen (1983) Vincent Price (1986) Leonard Nimoy (1987) Roger Corman (1988) 1990s         Ray Walston (1990) Arnold Schwarzenegger (1992) David Lynch (1993) Alfred Hitchcock (1994) Steve Reeves (1994) Whit Bissell (1994) Joel Silver (1995) Richard Fleischer (1995) Sean Connery (1995) Wes Craven (1995) Albert R. Broccoli (1996) Edward R. Pressman (1996) Harrison Ford (1996) Dino De Laurentiis (1997) John Frankenheimer (1997) Sylvester Stallone (1997) James Coburn (1998) James Karen (1998) Michael Crichton (1998) Nathan Juran (1999) 2000s         Dick Van Dyke (2000) George Barris (2000) Brian Grazer (2001) Robert Englund (2001) Drew Struzan (2002) Stan Lee (2002) Kurt Russell (2003) Sid and Marty Krofft (2003) Blake Edwards (2004) Stephen J. Cannell (2005) Tom Rothman (2005) Robert Halmi (2008) Lance Henriksen (2009) 2010s         Irvin Kershner (2010) Bert Gordon (2011) Michael Biehn (2011) Frank Oz (2012) James Remar (2012) Jonathan Frakes (2013) Malcolm McDowell (2014) Nichelle Nichols (2016) Lee Majors (2017)     vte Mr. Olympia winners     Scott         1965 1966 Oliva         1967 1968 1969 Schwarzenegger         1970 1971 1972 1973 1974: (Overall: Schwarzenegger) (LW: Columbu) (HW: Schwarzenegger) 1975: (Overall: Schwarzenegger) (LW: Columbu) (HW: Schwarzenegger) 1976: (Overall: Columbu) (LW: Columbu) (HW: Waller) 1977: (Overall: Zane) (HW: Robinson) (LW: Zane) 1978: (Overall: Zane) (HW: Robinson) (LW: Zane) 1979: (Overall: Zane) (HW: Mentzer) (LW: Zane) Schwarzenegger (1980) Columbu (1981) Dickerson (1982) Bannout (1983) Haney         1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 Yates         1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 Coleman         1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 Cutler         2006 2007 Jackson (2008) Cutler         2009 2010 Heath         2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 Rhoden         2018 Curry         2019 Elssbiay         2020 2021     vte MTV Movie & TV Award for Best Performance in a Movie Best Male Performance (1992–2005, 2008–2016)         Arnold Schwarzenegger (1992) Denzel Washington (1993) Tom Hanks (1994) Brad Pitt (1995) Jim Carrey (1996) Tom Cruise (1997) Leonardo DiCaprio (1998) Jim Carrey (1999) Keanu Reeves (2000) Tom Cruise (2001) Will Smith (2002) Eminem (2003) Johnny Depp (2004) Leonardo DiCaprio (2005) Will Smith (2008) Zac Efron (2009) Robert Pattinson (2010) Robert Pattinson (2011) Josh Hutcherson (2012) Bradley Cooper (2013) Josh Hutcherson (2014) Bradley Cooper (2015) Leonardo DiCaprio (2016) Best Female Performance (1992–2005, 2008–2016)         Linda Hamilton (1992) Sharon Stone (1993) Janet Jackson (1994) Sandra Bullock (1995) Alicia Silverstone (1996) Claire Danes (1997) Neve Campbell (1998) Cameron Diaz (1999) Sarah Michelle Gellar (2000) Julia Roberts (2001) Nicole Kidman (2002) Kirsten Dunst (2003) Uma Thurman (2004) Lindsay Lohan (2005) Ellen Page (2008) Kristen Stewart (2009) Kristen Stewart (2010) Kristen Stewart (2011) Jennifer Lawrence (2012) Jennifer Lawrence (2013) Jennifer Lawrence (2014) Shailene Woodley (2015) Charlize Theron (2016) Best Performance (2006–2007, 2017–present)         Jake Gyllenhaal (2006) Johnny Depp (2007) Emma Watson (2017) Chadwick Boseman (2018) Lady Gaga (2019) No Award (2020) Chadwick Boseman (2021) Tom Holland (2022)     vte WWE Hall of Fame - Celebrity Wing     2004: Pete Rose 2006: William Perry 2010: Bob Uecker 2011: Drew Carey 2012: Mike Tyson 2013: Donald Trump 2014: Mr. T 2015: Arnold Schwarzenegger 2016: Snoop Dogg 2018: Kid Rock 2020: William Shatner 2021: Ozzy Osbourne     vte Governors of California Under Spain (1769–1822)         Capt. Portolá Col. Fages Capt. Rivera Capt-Gen. de Neve Col. Fages Capt. Roméu Capt. Arrillaga Col. Bórica Lt. Col. Alberní Capt. Arrillaga Capt. J. Argüello Don Solá      Under Mexico (1822–1846)         Capt. L. Argüello Lt. Col. Echeandía Gen. Victoria Don P. Pico Lt. Col. Echeandía Brig. Gen. Figueroa Lt. Col. Castro Lt. Col. Gutiérrez Col. Chico Lt. Col. Gutiérrez Pres. Alvarado · Carrillo (rival) Brig. Gen. Micheltorena Don P. Pico Under U.S. military (1846–1850)         Cdre. Sloat Cdre. Stockton · Gen. Flores (rival) Gen. Kearny · Maj. Frémont (mutineer) Gen. Mason Gen. Smith Gen. Riley U.S. state (since 1850)         Burnett McDougal Bigler J. Johnson Weller Latham Downey Stanford Low Haight Booth Pacheco Irwin Perkins Stoneman Bartlett Waterman Markham Budd Gage Pardee Gillett H. Johnson Stephens Richardson Young Rolph Merriam Olson Warren Knight P. Brown Reagan J. Brown Deukmejian Wilson Davis Schwarzenegger J. 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If there’s two constants, it’s that there’s no such thing as a fixed timeline, with the franchise having contradicted itself on a continual basis since its second installment. The latest film, Terminator: Dark Fate, is billed as a direct sequel to Terminator 2: Judgment Day, and ignores the subsequent sequels. But for fans who have spent years thinking about all the stories told using this property, it’s time to sort everything out once and for all. What counts? What doesn’t? Read ahead. THE CORE TIMELINE As seen in: The Terminator (1984), Terminator 2: Judgment Day (1991) What happens: In 1984, a cyborg sent back in time from the year 2029 arrives with the mission to kill Sarah Connor, the woman destined to be the mother of John Connor, a resistance leader that will ultimately threaten Skynet, the AI despot overlord of 2029. The cyborg is stopped by Connor with the assistance of Kyle Reese, a soldier also sent back from 2029 who — in a classic time paradox — ends up becoming John’s father before dying. 11 years later, Connor and her son are attacked again, this time by a shapeshifting robot from 2029. A second time-traveling cyborg, this one re-programmed to be a good guy, arrives to help them. In the process of destroying the shapeshifting robot, one of the men most responsible for the future creation of Skynet is killed, leaving it unclear whether or not the emergence of Skynet in 1997 will happen as Kyle Reese had previously stated. Technically, this is at least two timelines — the one Kyle Reese and his fellow time-travelers came from, and a second timeline after the scientist partially responsible for Skynet (thanks to researching parts from the T-800 in the first film) is killed without completing his work — but we’ll put them all together here for the sake of centering Sarah and John Connor in the narrative. THE TV TIMELINE As seen in: Terminator: The Sarah Connor Chronicles (2008-2009) What happens: In 1999, Sarah and John Connor are still on the run and under attack from evil time-traveling robots sent by Skynet in the future; it turns out that the events of Terminator 2 delayed Skynet’s activation until 2011, but that it will nonetheless take over the world and decimate humanity. The Connors are assisted in their survival by a re-programmed time-traveling cyborg from 2027, two years prior to the future origin point of the original time-traveling cyborg, and together the three travel through time to 2007, where they discover not only more time-traveling evil robots, but also more time-traveling resistance fighters, including Derek Reese, the uncle to Kyle Reese. The series ends as John Connor travels forward in time to the point where Skynet has taken over the planet, only to discover that his journey has somehow altered the timeline to the effect that he is no longer the leader of the human resistance. THE SKYNET TIMELINE As seen in: Terminator 3: Rise of the Machines (2003), Terminator: Salvation (2009) What happens: Following the events of Terminator 2, the emergence of Skynet has been postponed but not, it seems, cancelled. In 2007, John Connor has been living for some years in secret following the death of his mother, Sarah, at some undisclosed point in the last decade; nonetheless, he comes under attack from another time-traveling evil robot sent to kill members of the future human resistance, including his own future wife, Kate Brewster. Although they manage to stay alive, Connor and Brewster cannot prevent the rise of Skynet, which fires nuclear missiles across the world, creating the robotic despot future central to the franchise. In 2018, the robot dystopia has been in existence for more than a decade, and Connor and Brewster are the leaders of the resistance when they discover a cyborg who appears to be self-aware and not part of Skynet’s plans. This turns out not to be the case, with Marcus, the cyborg in question, actually a sleeper agent intended to kill Connor during a sting operation having lured him into a false sense of security; learning of his fate, Marcus turns on Skynet, and ultimately sacrifices himself so that Connor can live. THE GENISYS TIMELINE As seen in: Terminator Genisys (2015) What happens: In 2029, John Connor sends Kyle Reese back in time to protect his mother and ensure his birth, as seen in the original Terminator movie. Reese somehow lands in an alternate timeline where the first time-traveling cyborg actually arrived decades earlier, and helped raise Sarah Connor in the first place. Sarah Connor, along with the first time-traveling cyborg — named Pops — and Reese ultimately travel to 2017 to defeat Skynet once and for all, only to discover that (a) Skynet is actually a new global operating system called Genisys, and (b) John Connor is now an evil time-traveling robot himself because he was injected by nanites in the future. They prevent Genisys from coming online, but do not destroy the AI completely. THE LEGION TIMELINE As seen in: Terminator: Dark Fate (2019) What happens: In 1998, John Connor is killed by an evil time-traveling robot a few years after the events of Terminator 2. In 2020, both an evil time-traveling robot and a cybernetically-enhanced human arrive from the year 2042, with the intent to find Dani Ramos, who — in the year 2042 — will be a significant figure in the fight against Legion, the AI despot overlord of the future. Grace is assisted in keeping Dani alive by Sarah Connor, who has spent the 22 years since the death of her son fighting off other time-traveling evil robots, and Carl, the robot responsible for the death of John Connor. They are ultimately successful, but it is unclear whether or not the rise Legion — an AI specifically designed for cyberwarfare — as a despotic robot overlord has been averted The Terminator timeline For the sake of understanding and resolving the story in The Terminator, let's assume there is a previous unaltered timeline, the Alpha timeline. In this timeline, Kyle never met Sarah and never fathered John. It may even be that the future leader of the Resistance is not even named "John Connor". All this does not matter, except that Sarah is the mother of a future leader of the Resistance. That is what triggers Skynet to send back a T-800 to kill her. The next sections are listed several timelines prior to the events of The Terminator in an attempt to resolve some of the paradoxes mentioned in a later section. Prior timelines These timelines take place prior to the main events of the film. (See Notes for more information) Alpha timeline An original and unaltered timeline prior to the events of The Terminator.     The "leader" of the future Resistance was born to Sarah Connor possibly during the 1980s. (The father is unknown as this topic has not been elaborated in Terminator fictions or related materials so far.)     Cyberdyne developed artificial intelligence.     Skynet (Alpha timeline) went online.     Skynet became self-aware. War broke out after Judgment Day.     Sarah's child became the leader of the Resistance.     Skynet was losing the war and decided to send a T-800 back in time to kill Sarah Connor before the leader of the Resistance was born.     The leader sent Kyle Reese back to the past to save Sarah Connor. Original timeline These events exist in Kyle Reese's past timeline. 1984     The T-800 (Alpha timeline) arrived from the future to kill Sarah Connor.     Kyle Reese (Alpha timeline) arrived from the future to protect Sarah.     Kyle impregnated Sarah.     Kyle died while T-800 was destroyed.     The wreckage of the T-800 was recovered by Cyberdyne Systems and they reverse-engineered its technology. 1985     John Connor (Original timeline) was born. 1997     Skynet (Original timeline) became self-aware and initiated Judgment Day. The War then broke out. Unknown point     Kyle Reese (Original timeline) was saved by John Connor.     Kyle was given the Sarah Connor snapshot by John. 2029     John Connor led the Tech-Com and won the war, but Skynet sent a T-800 Terminator back to 1984.     Kyle Reese volunteered to save Sarah Connor and John Connor sent him back to the past to save Sarah Connor. The Terminator The Terminator timeline These are the main events depicted in the film The Terminator. 1984     May 13, a Friday[1][2][3]         At 1:52 AM, the T-800 arrived from the future to kill Sarah Connor.         Kyle Reese arrived from the future to protect Sarah.     Next day (Saturday)         Kyle and Sarah conceived John Connor.         The T-800 kills Kyle. Sarah destroyed the T-800.     The wreckage of the T-800 was recovered by Cyberdyne Systems.[4]     November 10, Saturday[5]         Sarah, noticeably pregnant, drove through Mexico and recorded tape messages to her unborn son. A boy took her photograph, which she bought from him. Deviating timelines     Tempest timeline         The Terminator: Tempest         The Terminator: Secondary Objectives         The Terminator: The Enemy Within         The Terminator: Endgame     Dark Years timeline         The Terminator: Death Valley         The Terminator: The Dark Years     2029 to 1984 timeline         The Terminator: 2029         The Terminator: 1984     Terminator 2: Judgment Day timeline Paradox issues The story in The Terminator contains several causality loops, some of which are self-consistent non-paradoxes, and some of which are not self-consistent, and could be considered predestination paradox or bootstrap paradox. A few issues are presented in short here:     The most confused and debatable event in The Terminator and the whole franchise concerns the birth of John Connor, the future leader of the Resistance. In the future, John Connor himself sends back Kyle Reese, who eventually meets and impregnates Sarah Connor and later gives birth to John Connor. The question is raised: How can the older John Connor send back Kyle Reese, his own father? It is also revealed that Kyle is the one who mentions the name John as Sarah's future son, which makes her name her son John Connor.     The remaining parts of the T-800 created Skynet. In Terminator 2: Judgment Day, it is revealed by the T-800 that the parts from Cyberdyne Systems factory were analyzed and Skynet and cyborgs were created through reverse engineering. Miles Dyson stated that the technology in the parts was so advanced that no human would be able to invent the technology. This leads to the conclusion that Skynet created itself by sending back the T-800 in this movie. It can be argued that Miles Dyson's statement may be more of a personal opinion, rather than a true fact. Humans may very well invent the technology, but with the parts, the creation of Skynet and Judgment Day would occur earlier. The actual date of Skynet's creation and Judgment Day is not revealed in The Terminator, so it's still speculation and a debatable issue.     Kyle Reese gives Sarah Connor a message that he got from the future John Connor. Sarah Connor made young John memorize the message that the future can be changed, and makes sure he gives this info to Kyle in the future. The movie doesn't reveal where this message came from originally.     Another example of paradox is the picture Kyle has of Sarah. This is the very same picture where Sarah is being photographed outside a gas station. The fact the Sarah Connor is chased by a T-800 and protected by Kyle Reese, brings her to this exact place, at this specific date and time, which makes it a paradox. Continuity notes Although The Terminator: Dawn of Fate is a prequel to the film The Terminator, several minor facts are different, including:     The Final Offensive against Skynet takes place in 2027 instead of 2029.     Kyle travels to 1984 under John Connor's command instead of volunteering. See also     Terminator Genisys timeline References The Terminator. Sarah's time card at the restaurant is for "pay period ending 5/19/84", placing the date prior to Saturday, May 19, 1984. This corresponds with John's birthday being in February 1985. The Terminator. When Kyle first arrives in 1984, he holds a police officer at gunpoint, who gives him the date as "Twelve. May. Thursday." But it's early Friday morning. The Terminator. Ginger states: "He can't treat you like this, it's Friday night, for Christ's sake." The Terminator (Deleted Scene) - YouTube     The Terminator. Sarah states the date for the recording. Timelines & Theories The Terminator     Alpha timeline - Original Timeline - The Terminator - Tempest - Dark Years - 2029 to 1984 - Terminator 2: Judgment Day Terminator 2: Judgment Day     Terminator 2: Judgment Day - Cybernetic Dawn - T2 Trilogy - The New John Connor Chronicles (Skynet's World / Jade's World / John's World) - The Sarah Connor Chronicles - Rise of the Machines - Dark Fate Terminator 3: Rise of the Machines     Rise of the Machines - Kyla's World - T2 Saga - Terminator Salvation Stand-alone     The Terminator: Future Shock - Terminator Genisys Judgment Day     1995 - 1997 - 2003 - 2004 - 2011 - 2017 - 2021 Years & Chronology     1984 - 1995 - 2004 - 2007 - 2008 - 2009 - 2015 - 2018 - 2020 - 2027 - 2029 - 2031 - 2032 - 2036 - 2042. This year is poised to be a good one for the action genre, with fresh entries in the superhero franchise, comic book adaptations galore, and a sequel to The Expendables, the Sylvester Stallone-backed ensemble sequel being the closest we're going to get to a modern-day Dirty Dozen in this decade. The anxiety to see some butts get kicked on the silver screen will subside, and, soon enough, some of Tinseltown's most reliable action gurus will be back at your local theater. But the genre's most unexpected and craziest jolt of adrenaline will come this weekend, when writer-director Gareth Evans' brutal The Raid: Redemption hits limited theaters. Set inside a grimy apartment building in Jakarta, Indonesia, the festival favorite pits an overmatched SWAT team against an endless crew of criminals trained in the martial art Silat; at the film's center is Iko Uwais, a fisticuffs beast who, if you ask us, has the potential to be the next Tony Jaa. The Indonesia-born Uwais is certainly in a better position to achieve action flick glory than former Friday Night Light star Taylor Kitsch, whose leading man turn in Disney's John Carter couldn't save the production from becoming a staggering $200 million loss for Mickey Mouse's company. Perhaps Kitsch will have more luck with this May's board-game-by-way-of-Transformers blockbuster Battleship. That John Carter debacle has to sting, though. We wish both Uwais and Kitsch the best of luck, but they've both got a way to go before either one of them graces the following, prestigious list of cinema's greatest butt-kickers, a little something we like to call The 50 Best Action Stars In Movie History. Best Movies: Four Brothers (2005), Shooter (2007), The Italian Job (2003), Planet of the Apes (2001) Most Badass Moment: Settling business with Chiwetel Ejiofor in Four Brothers man-to-man, hand-to-hand...in the middle of a frozen lake. Hate on him all you want, but humor us first. Look up Marky Mark's filmography—you might be embarassed when you realize you actually f*ck with at least three of his movies. Now that the stick up your rear is removed, we can just come out and say it: Mark Wahlberg has the reliable action star niche on lock these days, in all his clever but tough protagonist glory. Whether January B-movie or a mid-year thriller that's slightly more reputable, he rarely disappoints, and if Entourage taught us anything it's that when Wahlberg does take a bad movie, we have Ari Gold to blame. *cough* Max Payne *cough* Milla Jovovich Not Available Interstitial Image via Complex Original Best Movies: The Fifth Element (1997), Resident Evil Series (2002 - 2010) Most Badass Moment: All of her Resident Evil kills are G, but her knife work in Resident Evil: Extinction's human convoy vs. super zombies fight is an extra level of awesome. When you can't get Angelina Jolie, Milla Jovovich is your next call. The Resident Evil movies have become a bit predictable, but she sure kicks excessive amounts of undead ass in that financially reliable franchise. We prefer Jovovich in The Fifth Element, however—it's just as much her show as it is Bruce Willis', and, unlike Angelina, Milla's toned physique and endurance level have us convinced that if we squared off with her in a dark alley, she'd win. Which, of course, is very hot. Michelle Yeoh Not Available Interstitial Image via Complex Original Best Movies: Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon (2000), Tomorrow Never Dies (1997), Police Story 3: Super Cop (1992) Most Badass Moment: Cinematic martial arts don't get much better than this. In Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon, Michelle Yeoh and Ziyi Zhang reconcile their differences with a dazzling four-minute sword fight. Now, onto the Hong Kong version of Angelina Jolie: Michelle Yeoh. Her United States popularity took off after she wowed Pierce Brosnan and snagged the coveted "Bond Girl" position in 1997's Tomorrow Never Dies and kicked ass in 2000's instant martial arts classic Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon. Which led to...The Mummy: Tomb Of The Dragon Emperor (2008)? We're just bummed she wasn't able to take the Wachowski brothers up on their offer to play Seraph in the Matrix sequels. Christian Bale Not Available Interstitial Image via Complex Original Best Movies: Batman Begins (2005), 3:10 to Yuma (2007), The Dark Knight (2008) Most Badass Moment: Using the projectiles on his arm to give The Joker a brand new set of scars to brag about in The Dark Knight. Christian Bale was a meh John Connor in Terminator Salvation (just blame that guy who walked through the set and triggered that infamous rant), but dude is the centerpiece of the best Batman trilogy of all time (this summer's The Dark Knight Rises seems foolproof at this point). No matter what genre he's dabbling in, Bale always brings it with his trademark intensity, a trait that makes him a viable action hero commodity. While we love his meatier, more dramatic performances, such as Dicky in The Fighter, we hope his awards won't dissuade him from doing more action roles in the future. Related Stories STORY CONTINUES BELOW fast furious cast The Best Adventure Movies Daniel Craig Not Available Interstitial Image via Complex Original Best Movies: Casino Royale (2006), Lara Croft: Tomb Raider (2001), Munich (2005) Most Badass Moment: The parkour foot chase in Madagascar that kicks off Casino Royale has more action and thrills than most films do during their whole running time. Quantum Of Solace was a dud, but Casino Royale has us forever sold on Daniel Craig's action chops. Screw the haters—he's definitely not the best Bond (Sean Connery), but Craig is a fantastic, times-appropriate, brooding 007. Last year's Cowboys & Aliens was, admittedly, a weak support to the theory that he can carry other action films, but the A-list actor's career is still on the upswing (see: The Girl With The Dragon Tattoo, Skyfall). Antonio Banderas Not Available Interstitial Image via Complex Original Best Movies: Desperado (1995), The Mask of Zorro (1998), Once Upon A Time in Mexico (2003) Most Badass Moment: Strolling into a bar crowded with angry Mexican goons, Banderas' nameless hero in Desperado opens up his guitar case, shows his set of firearms, and then slides a pair of smaller pistols out of his sleeves and unloads. It's been a while since Antonio Banderas has gotten down and dirty on the big screen, but we'd be hard-pressed if we left the star of Desperado off of this list. Robert Rodriguez's bloody saga of a vengeful Mariachi fit Banderas like a glove. Unfortunately his later stabs at the genre, like Ballistic: Ecks vs. Sever, just gave us fits. For what it's worth, we've always felt that his interpretation of Zorro (The Mask Of Zorro, The Legend Of Zorro) was deserving of a lasting franchise treatment. Angelina Jolie Not Available Interstitial Image via Complex Original Best Movies: Lara Croft: Tomb Raider (2001), Mr. And Mrs. Smith (2005), Wanted (2008), Salt (2010) Most Badass Moment: The siege on Croft Manor in Lara Croft: Tomb Raider. There are other actresses doing it, but none of them are killing their action roles quite like Angelina Jolie. Simply put, she made the aughts her bitch and held it down with the boys as the First Lady of Ass-Kicking. Her steamy voice combined with that magnetic screen presence has made it unnecessary to ever question how a woman of her weight and lithe figure was capable of thrashing dudes left and right, and she remains one of Hollywood's deadliest sex symbols. Obviously, 2010 was a mixed bag, after she followed up the tremendous spy action flick Salt with The Tourist, which is most politely described as a movie that exists, but they can't all be winners. Liam Neeson Not Available Interstitial Image via Complex Original Best Movies: Taken (2008), Darkman (1990), Batman Begins (2005), The Grey (2012) Most Badass Moment: Shooting his enemy's innocent wife in the leg to get him talking in Taken. When women and children are fair game, you know shit is real.   Five years ago, Liam Neeson would've been ineligible for this list. But then, enter the hard-body box office shocker Taken, and everything changed. Now you can't look at the marquee without seeing a Neeson-headlined flick that should be named Find That Person And Bring Them Back, and he's already spawning copycats. Neeson's ability to switch from warm mentor/dad to intense, determined one-man wrecking machine has transitioned him into the Jack Bauer of cinema. And we couldn't be happier for him. Why should the youngsters have all the fun? Carl Weathers Not Available Interstitial Image via Complex Original Best Movies: Rocky (1976), Rocky II (1979), Predator (1987), Action Jackson (1988) Most Badass Moment: In the awesome Action Jackson, Weathers crushes an enemy with his red sports car, and then speedily maneuvers the vehicle up a staircase and through the hallways of a building to save the luscious Vanity. Physically impossible, yes, but also incredibly badass.
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  • Denomination: Terminator
  • Country/Region of Manufacture: United Kingdom
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  • Fineness: Unknown
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  • Country of Origin: Great Britain

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