Bruce Lee Glass Coin Signed Kick King Fu 1940 Hologram Karate Hong Kong Film USA

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Seller: anddownthewaterfall ✉️ (33,558) 99.8%, Location: Manchester, Take a Look at My Other Items, GB, Ships to: WORLDWIDE, Item: 364803299120 Bruce Lee Glass Coin Signed Kick King Fu 1940 Hologram Karate Hong Kong Film USA. Bruce Lee Glass Coin This is a  Uncirculated Commemoration  Gold Plated Glass See Through Coin The middle of the coin has an etching of Bruce Lee with his Iconic Flying Kick and his Autograph One Side has the words "Bruce Lee 1940 - 1973" "50th Anniversary" "Kung Fu Master" The other side has a 3D Red Chinese  Dragon The coin is 40mm in diameter and 5mm thick and it weighs about  1 oz. It comes in a plastic wallet In Excellent Condition Like all my items Bidding Starts at a Penny...With No Reserve..If your the only bidder you win it for 1p Grab a Bargain!!!! Would make an Excellent Gift or Collectable Keepsake Souvenir for the a True Legend who died 50 years ago II have a lot of Sporting Coins on Ebay so why not >    Check out my other items !

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Bruce Lee 李小龍 Bruce Lee Lee in 1971 Born    Lee Jun-fan (李振藩) November 27, 1940 San Francisco, California, U.S. Died    July 20, 1973 (aged 32) Kowloon Tong, British Hong Kong Cause of death    Cerebral edema Resting place    Lake View Cemetery, Seattle, Washington, U.S. Other names    Lee Siu-lung, Lee Yuen-cham, Lee Yuen-kam Citizenship    United States[1] British Hong Kong Alma mater    University of Washington Occupation    Martial artistphilosopheractordirectorscreenwriterproducer Years active    1941–1973 Spouse(s)    Linda Emery ​(m. 1964)​ Children    Brandon and Shannon Lee Parents    Lee Hoi-chuen (father) Grace Ho (mother) Relatives    Peter Lee (brother) Robert Lee (brother) Chinese name Traditional Chinese    李小龍 Simplified Chinese    李小龙 Jyutping    Lei5 Siu2-lung4 Transcriptions   Lee Jun-fan Chinese    李振藩 Jyutping    Lei5 Zan3-faan4 Transcriptions   Website    Bruce Lee Foundation Signature Signature of Bruce Lee.svg Bruce Lee (Chinese: 李小龍; born Lee Jun-fan, 李振藩; November 27, 1940 – July 20, 1973) was a Hong Kong and American martial artist, martial arts instructor, actor, director, screenwriter, producer, and philosopher.[2] He was the founder of Jeet Kune Do, a hybrid martial arts philosophy drawing from different combat disciplines that is often credited with paving the way for modern mixed martial arts (MMA). Lee is considered by critics, media, and other martial artists to be the most influential martial artist of all time and a pop culture icon of the 20th century, who bridged the gap between East and West. He is credited with promoting Hong Kong action cinema and helping to change the way Asians were presented in American films.[3] Lee was the son of Grace Ho and Lee Hoi-chuen, a Cantonese opera star based in Hong Kong. He was born in San Francisco in 1940 while his parents were visiting the city for his father's concert tour abroad. The family returned to Hong Kong a few months later. He was introduced to the Hong Kong film industry as a child actor by his father. However these were not martial art films. His early martial arts experience included Wing Chun (trained under Yip Man), tai chi, boxing (winning a Hong Kong boxing tournament), and apparently frequent street fighting (neighbourhood and rooftop fights). In 1959, Lee, having U.S. citizenship due to his birth, was able to move to Seattle. In 1961, he enrolled in the University of Washington.[4] It was during this time in the United States that he began considering making money by teaching martial arts even though he aspired to an acting career. He opened his first martial arts school, operated out of home in Seattle. After later adding a second school in Oakland, he once drew significant attention at the 1964 Long Beach International Karate Championships of California by making demonstrations and speaking. He subsequently moved to Los Angeles to teach, where his students included Chuck Norris, Sharon Tate, and Kareem Abdul-Jabbar. In the 1970s, his Hong Kong and Hollywood-produced films elevated the Hong Kong martial arts films to a new level of popularity and acclaim, sparking a surge of Western interest in Chinese martial arts. The direction and tone of his films dramatically influenced and changed martial arts and martial arts films worldwide.[5] He is noted for his roles in five feature-length Hong Kong martial arts films in the early 1970s: Lo Wei's The Big Boss (1971) and Fist of Fury (1972); Golden Harvest's Way of the Dragon (1972), directed and written by Lee; and Golden Harvest and Warner Brothers' Enter the Dragon (1973) and The Game of Death (1978), both directed by Robert Clouse.[6] Lee became an iconic figure known throughout the world, particularly among the Chinese, based upon his portrayal of Chinese nationalism in his films,[7] and among Asian Americans for defying Asian stereotypes.[8] Having initially learnt Wing Chun, tai chi, boxing, and street fighting, he combined them with other influences from various sources into the spirit of his personal martial arts philosophy, which he dubbed Jeet Kune Do (The Way of the Intercepting Fist).[9] Lee died on July 20, 1973, at the age of 32. Since his death, Lee has continued to be a prominent influence on modern combat sports, including judo, karate, mixed martial arts, and boxing, as well as modern popular culture, including film, television, comics, animation and video games. Time named Lee one of the 100 most important people of the 20th century. Early life Bruce Lee as a baby with his parents, Grace Ho and Lee Hoi-chuen Bruce Lee's father Lee Hoi-chuen was a famous Cantonese opera singer based in Hong Kong. In December 1939, his parents went to Chinatown, San Francisco in California for an international opera tour.[10] He was born there on November 27, 1940, making him a dual Hong Kong and United States citizen by birth. At four months old (April 1941), the Lee family returned to Hong Kong.[10] Soon after, the Lee family led an unexpected four-year hard life as Japan, in the midst of World War II, launched a surprise attack of Hong Kong in December 1941 and ruled for four years.[10] Bruce's father, Lee Hoi-chuen, was Cantonese, and his mother, Grace Ho, was of Eurasian ancestry.[11] Lee's maternal grandfather was Cantonese, his maternal grandmother was English[12] and his maternal great-uncle, Robert Hotung, was a successful Hong Kong businessman of Dutch Jewish and Cantonese descent.[13] Career and education 1940–1958: Early roles, schooling and martial arts initiation Lee's father Lee Hoi-chuen was a famous Cantonese opera star. As a result, the junior Lee was introduced to the world of cinema at a very young age and appeared in several films as a child. Lee had his first role as a baby who was carried onto the stage in the film Golden Gate Girl.[14] He took his Chinese stage name as 李小龍, lit. Lee the Little Dragon, for the fact that he was born in both the hour and the year of the Dragon by the Chinese zodiac.[15] As a nine-year-old, he would co-star with his father in The Kid in 1950, which was based on a comic book character and was his first leading role.[16] By the time he was 18, he had appeared in twenty films.[15] Bruce Lee in The Kid After attending Tak Sun School (德信學校; several blocks from his home at 218 Nathan Road, Kowloon), Lee entered the primary school division of the Catholic La Salle College at the age of 12.[17] Lee and Yip Man, 1958 In 1956, due to poor academic performance and possibly poor conduct, he was transferred to St. Francis Xavier's College, where he would be mentored by Brother Edward, a teacher and coach of the school boxing team.[13] After Lee was involved in several street fights, his parents decided that he needed to be trained in the martial arts. Lee's friend William Cheung[18] introduced him to Ip Man[when?] but[19] he was rejected from learning Wing Chun Kung Fu under him because of the long-standing rule in the Chinese Martial Arts world not to teach foreigners.[20] His one quarter German[citation needed] background from his mother's side would be an initial obstacle towards his Wing Chun training; however, Cheung would speak on his behalf and Lee was accepted into the school.[21] Lee began training in Wing Chun with Yip Man.[22] Yip tried to keep his students from fighting in the street gangs of Hong Kong by encouraging them to fight in organised competitions.[23] After a year into his Wing Chun training, most of Yip Man's other students refused to train with Lee when they had learned of his mixed ancestry, as the Chinese were generally against teaching their martial arts techniques to non-Asians.[24][25] Lee's sparring partner, Hawkins Cheung, states, "Probably fewer than six people in the whole Wing Chun clan were personally taught, or even partly taught, by Yip Man".[26] However, Lee showed a keen interest in Wing Chun and continued to train privately with Yip Man, William Cheung and Wong Shun-leung.[27] William Cheung and Bruce Lee In 1958, Bruce won the Hong Kong schools boxing tournament, knocking out the previous champion, Gary Elms, in the final.[13] That year, Lee was also a cha-cha dancer, winning Hong Kong's Crown Colony Cha-Cha Championship.[28] 1959–1964: Continuous studies and martial arts breakthrough Until his late teens, Lee's street fights became more frequent and included beating the son of a feared triad family.[29] In 1958, after students from a rival Choy Li Fut martial arts school challenged Lee's Wing Chun school, he engaged in a fight on a rooftop. In response to an unfair punch by another boy, Bruce beat him so badly that he knocked out one of his teeth, leading to a complaint by the boy's parents to the police. Lee's mother had to go to a police station and sign a document saying that she would take full responsibility for Bruce's actions if they released him into her custody. Though she did not mention the incident to her husband, she suggested that Bruce, being an American citizen, return to the United States. Lee's father agreed, as Lee's college prospects were he to remain in Hong Kong were not very promising.[30] The police detective came and he says "Excuse me Mr. Lee, your son is really fighting bad in school. If he gets into just one more fight I might have to put him in jail". — Robert Lee[31] In April 1959, Lee's parents decided to send him to the United States to stay with his older sister, Agnes Lee (李秋鳳), who was already living with family friends in San Francisco. After several months, he moved to Seattle in 1959 to continue his high school education, where he also worked for Ruby Chow as a live-in waiter at her restaurant. Chow's husband was a co-worker and friend of Lee's father. Lee's elder brother Peter Lee (李忠琛) would also join him in Seattle for a short stay before moving on to Minnesota to attend college. That year Lee also started to teach martial arts. He called what he taught Jun Fan Gung Fu (literally Bruce Lee's Kung Fu). It was basically his approach to Wing Chun.[32] Lee taught friends he met in Seattle, starting with Judo practitioner Jesse Glover, who continued to teach some of Lee's early techniques. Taky Kimura became Lee's first Assistant Instructor and continued to teach his art and philosophy after Lee's death.[33] Lee opened his first martial arts school, named the Lee Jun Fan Gung Fu Institute, in Seattle. Lee completed his high school education and received his diploma from Edison Technical School on Capitol Hill in Seattle.[34] In March 1961, Lee enrolled at the University of Washington and studied dramatic arts, philosophy, psychology, and various other subjects.[35][36] Despite what Lee himself and many others have stated, Lee's official major was drama rather than philosophy according to a 1999 article in the university's alumni publication.[37] Lee dropped out of college in early 1964 and moved to Oakland to live with James Yimm Lee. James Lee was twenty years senior to Bruce Lee and a well-known Chinese martial artist in the area. Together, they founded the second Jun Fan martial arts studio in Oakland. James Lee was also responsible for introducing Bruce Lee to Ed Parker, an American martial artist. At the invitation of Parker, Lee appeared in the 1964 Long Beach International Karate Championships and performed repetitions of two-finger push-ups (using the thumb and the index finger of one hand) with feet at approximately shoulder-width apart. In the same Long Beach event he also performed the "one inch punch".[38] Lee stood upright, his right foot forward with knees bent slightly, in front of a standing, stationary partner. Lee's right arm was partly extended and his right fist approximately one inch (2.5 cm) away from the partner's chest. Without retracting his right arm, Lee then forcibly delivered the punch to volunteer Bob Baker while largely maintaining his posture, sending Baker backwards and falling into a chair said to be placed behind Baker to prevent injury, though Baker's momentum soon caused him to fall to the floor. Baker recalled, "I told Bruce not to do this type of demonstration again. When he punched me that last time, I had to stay home from work because the pain in my chest was unbearable".[39] It was at the 1964 championships that Lee first met Taekwondo master Jhoon Goo Rhee. The two developed a friendship—a relationship from which they benefited as martial artists. Rhee taught Lee the side kick in detail, and Lee taught Rhee the "non-telegraphic" punch.[40] In Oakland's Chinatown in 1964, Lee had a controversial private match with Wong Jack-man, a direct student of Ma Kin Fung, known for his mastery of Xingyiquan, Northern Shaolin, and T'ai chi ch'uan. According to Lee, the Chinese community issued an ultimatum to him to stop teaching non-Chinese people. When he refused to comply, he was challenged to a combat match with Wong. The arrangement was that if Lee lost, he would have to shut down his school, while if he won, he would be free to teach white people, or anyone else.[41] Wong denied this, stating that he requested to fight Lee after Lee boasted during one of his demonstrations at a Chinatown theatre that he could beat anyone in San Francisco, and that Wong himself did not discriminate against Whites or other non-Chinese people.[42] Lee commented, "That paper had all the names of the sifu from Chinatown, but they don't scare me".[43] Individuals known to have witnessed the match include Cadwell, James Lee (Bruce Lee's associate, no relation), and William Chen, a teacher of T'ai chi ch'uan. Wong and William Chen stated that the fight lasted an unusually long 20–25 minutes.[42][44] Wong claims that although he had originally expected a serious but polite bout, Lee aggressively attacked him with intent to kill. When Wong presented the traditional handshake, Lee appeared to accept the greeting, but instead, Lee allegedly thrust his hand as a spear aimed at Wong's eyes. Forced to defend his life, Wong nonetheless asserted that he refrained from striking Lee with killing force when the opportunity presented itself because it could have earned him a prison sentence, but used illegal cufflings under his sleeves. According to Michael Dorgan's 1980 book Bruce Lee's Toughest Fight, the fight ended due to Lee's "unusually winded" condition, as opposed to a decisive blow by either fighter.[42] However, according to Bruce Lee, Linda Lee Cadwell, and James Yimm Lee, the fight lasted a mere three minutes with a decisive victory for Lee. In Cadwell's account, "The fight ensued, it was a no-holds-barred fight, it took three minutes. Bruce got this guy down to the ground and said 'Do you give up?' and the man said he gave up".[41] A couple of weeks after the bout, Lee gave an interview claiming that he had defeated an unnamed challenger, which Wong says was an obvious reference to him.[42][44] In response, Wong published his own account of the fight in the Chinese Pacific Weekly, a Chinese-language newspaper in San Francisco, with an invitation to a public rematch if Lee was not satisfied with the account. Lee did not respond to the invitation despite his reputation for violently responding to every provocation,[42] and there were no further public announcements by either, though Lee continued to teach white people. Lee had abandoned thoughts of a film career in favour of pursuing martial arts. However, a martial arts exhibition on Long Beach in 1964 eventually led to the invitation by television producer William Dozier for an audition for a role in the pilot for "Number One Son" about Lee Chan, the son of Charlie Chan. The show never materialised, but Dozier saw potential in Lee.[45] 1966–1970: American roles and creating Jeet Kune Do Publicity photo of Williams and Lee for The Green Hornet From 1966 to 1967, Lee played the role of Kato alongside the title character played by Van Williams in the TV series produced and narrated by William Dozier[46] titled The Green Hornet, based on the radio show by the same name.[47][45] The show lasted only one season (26 episodes) from September 1966 to March 1967. Lee and Williams also appeared as their characters in three crossover episodes of Batman, another William Dozier-produced television series.[48][49][50] The Green Hornet introduced the adult Bruce Lee to an American audience, and became the first popular American show presenting Asian-style martial arts. The show's director wanted Lee to fight in the typical American style using fists and punches. As a professional martial artist, Lee refused, insisting that he should fight in the style of his expertise. At first, Lee moved so fast that his movements could not be caught on film, so he had to slow them down.[51] After the show was cancelled in 1967, Lee wrote to Dozier thanking him for starting "my career in show business".[51] In 1967, Lee played a role in one episode of Ironside. The Jeet Kune Do emblem is a registered trademark held by the Bruce Lee Estate. The Chinese characters around the Taijitu symbol read: "Using no way as way" and "Having no limitation as limitation". The arrows represent the endless interaction between yang and yin.[52] Jeet Kune Do originated in 1967. After filming one season of The Green Hornet, Lee found himself out of work and opened The Jun Fan Gung Fu Institute. The controversial match with Wong Jack-man influenced Lee's philosophy about martial arts. Lee concluded that the fight had lasted too long and that he had failed to live up to his potential using his Wing Chun techniques. He took the view that traditional martial arts techniques were too rigid and formalised to be practical in scenarios of chaotic street fighting. Lee decided to develop a system with an emphasis on "practicality, flexibility, speed, and efficiency". He started to use different methods of training such as weight training for strength, running for endurance, stretching for flexibility, and many others which he constantly adapted, including fencing and basic boxing techniques.[citation needed] Lee emphasised what he called "the style of no style". This consisted of getting rid of the formalised approach which Lee claimed was indicative of traditional styles. Lee felt that even the system he now called Jun Fan Gung Fu was too restrictive, and it eventually evolved into a philosophy and martial art he would come to call Jeet Kune Do or the Way of the Intercepting Fist. It is a term he would later regret, because Jeet Kune Do implied specific parameters that styles connote, whereas the idea of his martial art was to exist outside of parameters and limitations.[53] At the time, two of Lee's martial arts students were Hollywood script writer Stirling Silliphant and actor James Coburn. In 1969, the three worked on a script for a film called The Silent Flute, and went together on a location hunt to India. The project was not realised at the time, but the 1978 film Circle of Iron, starring David Carradine, was based on the same plot. In 2010, producer Paul Maslansky was reported to have planned and received funding for a film based on the original script for The Silent Flute.[54] In 1969, Lee made a brief appearance in the Silliphant-penned film Marlowe, where he played a hoodlum hired to intimidate private detective Philip Marlowe, (played by James Garner), who uses his martial arts abilities to commit acts of vandalisation to intimidate Marlowe.[55][56] The same year, he was credited as the karate advisor in The Wrecking Crew, the fourth instalment of the Matt Helm comedy spy-fi film starring Dean Martin.[57] Also that year, Lee acted in one episode of Here Come the Brides and Blondie.[58][59] In 1970, he was responsible for fight choreography for A Walk in the Spring Rain starring Ingrid Bergman and Anthony Quinn, again written by Silliphant.[60][61] 1971–1973: Hong Kong films and Hollywood breakthrough In 1971, Lee appeared in four episodes of the television series Longstreet, written by Silliphant. Lee played Li Tsung the martial arts instructor of the title character Mike Longstreet (played by James Franciscus), and important aspects of his martial arts philosophy were written into the script.[62][63] According to statements made by Lee, and also by Linda Lee Cadwell after Lee's death, in 1971 Lee pitched a television series of his own tentatively titled The Warrior, discussions of which were also confirmed by Warner Bros. During a December 9, 1971, television interview on The Pierre Berton Show, Lee stated that both Paramount and Warner Brothers wanted him "to be in a modernized type of a thing, and that they think the Western idea is out, whereas I want to do the Western".[64] According to Cadwell, however, Lee's concept was retooled and renamed Kung Fu, but Warner Bros. gave Lee no credit.[65] Warner Brothers states that they had for some time been developing an identical concept,[66] created by two writers and producers, Ed Spielman and Howard Friedlander in 1969,[67] as stated too by Lee's biographer Matthew Polly.[68] According to these sources, the reason Lee was not cast was because he had a thick accent,[69] but Fred Weintraub attributes that to his ethnicity.[70][71] The role of the Shaolin monk in the Wild West was eventually awarded to then-non-martial-artist David Carradine. In The Pierre Berton Show interview, Lee stated he understood Warner Brothers' attitudes towards casting in the series: "They think that business-wise it is a risk. I don't blame them. If the situation were reversed, and an American star were to come to Hong Kong, and I was the man with the money, I would have my own concerns as to whether the acceptance would be there".[72] Producer Fred Weintraub had advised Lee to return to Hong Kong and make a feature film which he could showcase to executives in Hollywood.[73] Not happy with his supporting roles in the US, Lee returned to Hong Kong. Unaware that The Green Hornet had been played to success in Hong Kong and was unofficially referred to as "The Kato Show", he was surprised to be recognised as the star of the show.[74] After negotiating with both Shaw Brothers Studio and Golden Harvest, Lee signed a film contract to star in two films produced by Golden Harvest. Lee played his first leading role in The Big Boss (1971), which proved to be an enormous box office success across Asia and catapulted him to stardom. He soon followed up with Fist of Fury (1972), which broke the box office records set previously by The Big Boss. Having finished his initial two-year contract, Lee negotiated a new deal with Golden Harvest. Lee later formed his own company, Concord Production Inc., with Chow. For his third film, Way of the Dragon (1972), he was given complete control of the film's production as the writer, director, star, and choreographer of the fight scenes. In 1964, at a demonstration in Long Beach, California, Lee met karate champion Chuck Norris. In Way of the Dragon Lee introduced Norris to moviegoers as his opponent, their showdown has been characterised as "one of the best fight scenes in martial arts and film history".[75][76] The role had originally been offered to American karate champion Joe Lewis.[77] Fist of Fury and Way of the Dragon went on to gross an estimated US$100 million and US$130 million worldwide, respectively.[78] From August to October 1972, Lee began work on his fourth Golden Harvest film Game of Death. He began filming some scenes, including his fight sequence with 7 ft 2 in (218 cm) American basketball star Kareem Abdul-Jabbar, a former student. Production stopped in November 1972 when Warner Brothers offered Lee the opportunity to star in Enter the Dragon, the first film to be produced jointly by Concord, Golden Harvest, and Warner Bros. Filming began in Hong Kong in February 1973 and was completed in April 1973.[79] One month into the filming, another production company, Starseas Motion Pictures, promoted Bruce Lee as a leading actor in Fist of Unicorn, although he had merely agreed to choreograph the fight sequences in the film as a favour to his long-time friend Unicorn Chan. Lee planned to sue the production company, but retained his friendship with Chan.[80] However, only a few months after the completion of Enter the Dragon, and six days before its July 26, 1973, release, Lee died. Enter the Dragon would go on to become one of the year's highest-grossing films and cement Lee as a martial arts legend. It was made for US$850,000 in 1973[81] (equivalent to $4 million adjusted for inflation as of 2007).[82] Enter the Dragon is estimated to have grossed over $400 million worldwide,[83] estimated to be the equivalent of over $2 billion adjusted for inflation as of 2022.[84][85] The film sparked a brief fad in martial arts, epitomised in songs such as "Kung Fu Fighting" and some TV shows. 1978–present: Posthumous work Bruce Lee's star at the Avenue of Stars, Hong Kong Robert Clouse, the director of Enter the Dragon, together with Golden Harvest, revived Lee's unfinished film Game of Death. Lee had shot over 100 minutes of footage, including out-takes, for Game of Death before shooting was stopped to allow him to work on Enter the Dragon. In addition to Abdul-Jabbar, George Lazenby, Hapkido master Ji Han-Jae, and another of Lee's students, Dan Inosanto, were also to appear in the film, which was to culminate in Lee's character, Hai Tien (clad in the now-famous yellow track suit[86][87]) taking on a series of different challengers on each floor as they make their way through a five-level pagoda. In a controversial move, Robert Clouse finished the film using a look-alike and archive footage of Lee from his other films with a new storyline and cast, which was released in 1978. However, the cobbled-together film contained only fifteen minutes of actual footage of Lee (he had printed many unsuccessful takes)[88] while the rest had a Lee look-alike, Kim Tai Chung, and Yuen Biao as stunt double. The unused footage Lee had filmed was recovered 22 years later and included in the documentary Bruce Lee: A Warrior's Journey. Bruce Lee's star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame Apart from Game of Death, other future film projects were planned to feature Lee at the time. In 1972, after the success of The Big Boss and Fist of Fury, a third film was planned by Raymond Chow at Golden Harvest to be directed by Lo Wei, titled Yellow-Faced Tiger. However, at the time, Lee decided to direct and produce his own script for Way of the Dragon instead. Although Lee had formed a production company with Raymond Chow, a period film was also planned from September–November 1973 with the competing Shaw Brothers Studio, to be directed by either Chor Yuen or Cheng Kang, and written by Yi Kang and Chang Cheh, titled The Seven Sons of the Jade Dragon.[89] In 2015, Perfect Storm Entertainment and Bruce Lee's daughter, Shannon Lee, announced that the series The Warrior would be produced and would air on the Cinemax and filmmaker Justin Lin was chosen to direct the series.[90] Production began on October 22, 2017, in Cape Town, South Africa. The first season will contain 10 episodes.[91] In April 2019, Cinemax renewed the series for a second season.[92] On March 25, 2021, it was announced that producer Jason Kothari has acquired the rights to The Silent of Flute "to become a miniseries, which will have John Fusco as a screenwriter and executive producer.[93] Unproduced works Lee had also worked on several scripts himself. A tape containing a recording of Lee narrating the basic storyline to a film tentatively titled Southern Fist/Northern Leg exists, showing some similarities with the canned script for The Silent Flute (Circle of Iron).[94] Another script had the title Green Bamboo Warrior, set in San Francisco, planned to co-star Bolo Yeung and to be produced by Andrew Vajna.[80] Photoshoot costume tests were also organised for some of these planned film projects. Martial arts and fitness Further information: Jeet Kune Do Bruce Lee Style    Jeet Kune Do (founder) Chinese martial arts (Wing Chun,[95] tai chi),[96] boxing,[13] street fighting,[29] judo,[97] taekwondo,[40] wrestling,[97] arnis,[98] epée fencing, various other styles (by personal tutoring and research) Teacher(s)    Ip Man and Wong Shun-leung (wing chun), Brother Edward (boxing),[13] Jhoon Rhee (taekwondo),[40] Fred Sato and Gene LeBell (judo)[99] Dan Inosanto (arnis) Notable students    Jesse Glover, James DeMile, Linda Lee Cadwell, Dan Inosanto, Taky Kimura, Ted Wong, James Yimm Lee, Joe Lewis, Jhoon Rhee, Mike Stone, Gene LeBell, Chuck Norris, Roman Polanski, Sharon Tate, James Coburn, Kareem Abdul-Jabbar, Brandon Lee, others Striking Lee's first introduction to martial arts was through his father, from whom he learned the fundamentals of Wu-style t'ai chi ch'uan.[96] In his teens, Lee became involved in Hong Kong gang conflicts, which led to frequent street fights.[29] The largest influence on Lee's martial arts development was his study of Wing Chun.[95] Lee was 16 years old under the Wing Chun teacher Yip Man, between late 1956 and 1957, after losing to rival gang members. Yip's regular classes generally consisted of the forms practice, chi sao (sticking hands) drills, wooden dummy techniques, and free sparring. There was no set pattern to the classes.[22] Lee was also trained in boxing, between 1956 and 1958, by Brother Edward, coach of the St. Francis Xavier's College boxing team. Lee went on to win the Hong Kong schools boxing tournament in 1958, while scoring knockdowns against the previous champion Gary Elms in the final.[13] After moving to the United States, Lee was heavily influenced by heavyweight boxing champion Muhammad Ali, whose footwork he studied and incorporated into his own style in the 1960s.[100] Lee demonstrated his Jeet Kune Do martial arts at the Long Beach International Karate Championships in 1964 and 1968, with the latter having higher-quality video footage available. Lee can be seen demonstrating quick eye strikes before his opponent can block, and demonstrating the one-inch punch on several volunteers. He also demonstrates chi sao drills while blindfolded against an opponent, probing for weaknesses in his opponent while scoring with punches and takedowns. Lee then participates in a full-contact sparring bout against an opponent, with both wearing leather headgear. Lee can be seen implementing his Jeet Kune Do concept of economical motion, using Ali-inspired footwork to keep out of range while counter-attacking with backfists and straight punches. He also halts attacks with stop-hit side kicks, and quickly executes several sweeps and head kicks. The opponent repeatedly attempts to attack Lee, but is never able to connect with a clean hit; he once manages to come close with a spin kick, but Lee counters it. The footage was reviewed by Black Belt magazine in 1995, concluding that "the action is as fast and furious as anything in Lee's films."[101] It was at the 1964 championships that Lee first met taekwondo master Jhoon Goo Rhee. While Rhee taught Lee the side kick in detail, Lee taught Rhee the "non-telegraphic" punch.[40] Rhee learned what he calls the "accupunch" from Lee and incorporated it into American taekwondo. The "accupunch" is a rapid fast punch that is very difficult to block, based on human reaction time—"the idea is to finish the execution of the punch before the opponent can complete the brain-to-wrist communication."[102] Lee also commonly used the oblique kick, made popular much later in mixed martial arts.[103] It is called the jeet tek ("stop kick" or "intercepting kick") in Jeet Kune Do.[104] Grappling Lee favored cross-training between different fighting styles, and had a particular interest in grappling.[99] Lee trained with several judo practitioners in Seattle and California, among them Fred Sato, Jesse Glover, Taky Kimura, Hayward Nishioka and Wally Jay, as well as Gene LeBell.[105][99] After befriending LeBell on the set of The Green Hornet, Lee offered to teach him striking arts in exchange for being taught grappling techniques. LeBell had also been taught catch wrestling by prestigious grapplers Lou Thesz and Ed Lewis, and notable techniques of both judo and catch wrestling can be seen in Lee's Tao of Jeet Kune Do.[97][106] According to Glover, Lee only found judo ineffective at the action of getting hold of the opponent.[99] While in Seattle, Lee himself developed anti-grappling techniques against opponents trying to tackle him or take him to the ground. Glover also recalled Lee "definitely would not go to the ground if he had the opportunity to get you standing up."[99] Nonetheless, Lee expressed to LeBell a wish to integrate judo into his fighting style.[99] Although Lee opined grappling was of little use on action choreography because it was not visually distinctive,[106] he did showcase grappling moves in his own films, such as Way of the Dragon, where his character finishes his opponent Chuck Norris with a neck hold inspired by LeBell,[97] and Enter the Dragon, whose prologue features Lee submitting his opponent Sammo Hung with an armbar.[99][107] Lee was also influenced by the training routine of The Great Gama, an Indian/Pakistani pehlwani wrestling champion known for his grappling strength. Lee incorporated Gama's exercises into his own training routine.[108] Street fighting Another major influence on Lee was Hong Kong's street fighting culture in the form of rooftop fights. In the mid-20th century, soaring crime in Hong Kong, combined with limited Hong Kong Police manpower, led to many young Hongkongers learning martial arts for self-defence. Around the 1960s, there were about 400 martial arts schools in Hong Kong, teaching their own distinctive styles of martial arts. In Hong Kong's street fighting culture, there emerged a rooftop fight scene in the 1950s and 1960s, where gangs from rival martial arts schools challenged each other to bare-knuckle fights on Hong Kong's rooftops, in order to avoid crackdowns by British colonial authorities. Lee frequently participated in these Hong Kong rooftop fights, and combined different techniques from different martial arts schools into his own hybrid martial arts style.[109] When Lee returned to Hong Kong in the early 1970s, his reputation as "the fastest fist in the east" routinely led to locals challenging him to street fights; he sometimes accepted these challenges and engaged in street fights, which led to some criticism from the press portraying him as violent at the time.[110] Fitness At 172 cm (5 ft 8 in) and weighing 64 kg (141 lb) at the time,[111][better source needed] Lee was renowned for his physical fitness and vigor, achieved by using a dedicated fitness regimen to become as strong as possible. After his match with Wong Jack-man in 1965, Lee changed his approach toward martial arts training. Lee felt that many martial artists of his time did not spend enough time on physical conditioning. Lee included all elements of total fitness—muscular strength, muscular endurance, cardiovascular endurance, and flexibility. He used traditional bodybuilding techniques to build some muscle mass, though not overdone, as that could decrease speed or flexibility. At the same time, with respect to balance, Lee maintained that mental and spiritual preparation are fundamental to the success of physical training in martial arts skills. In Tao of Jeet Kune Do he wrote: Training is one of the most neglected phases of athletics. Too much time is given to the development of skill and too little to the development of the individual for participation. ... JKD, ultimately is not a matter of petty techniques but of highly developed spirituality and physique.[112] According to Linda Lee Cadwell, soon after he moved to the United States, Lee started to take nutrition seriously and developed an interest in health foods, high-protein drinks, and vitamin and mineral supplements. He later concluded that achieving a high-performance body was akin to maintaining the engine of a high-performance automobile. Allegorically, as one could not keep a car running on low-octane fuels, one could not sustain one's body with a steady diet of junk food, and with "the wrong fuel", one's body would perform sluggishly or sloppily.[113] Lee also avoided baked goods and refined flour, describing them as providing empty calories that did nothing for his body.[114] He was known for being a fan of Asian cuisine for its variety, and often ate meals with a combination of vegetables, rice, and fish. Lee had a dislike for dairy products and as a result, used powdered milk in his diet.[115] Dan Inosanto recalls Lee practiced meditation as the first action on his schedule.[105] Artistry Philosophy While best known as a martial artist, Lee also studied drama and Asian and Western philosophy starting while a student at the University of Washington. He was well-read and had an extensive library dominated by martial arts subjects and philosophical texts.[116] His own books on martial arts and fighting philosophy are known for their philosophical assertions, both inside and outside of martial arts circles. His eclectic philosophy often mirrored his fighting beliefs, though he was quick to claim that his martial arts were solely a metaphor for such teachings. He believed that any knowledge ultimately led to self-knowledge, and said that his chosen method of self-expression was martial arts.[117] His influences include Taoism, Jiddu Krishnamurti, and Buddhism.[118] Lee's philosophy was very much in opposition to the conservative worldview advocated by Confucianism.[119] John Little states that Lee was an atheist. When asked in 1972 about his religious affiliation, he replied, "none whatsoever",[120] and when asked if he believed in God, he said, "To be perfectly frank, I really do not."[117] Poetry Aside from martial arts and philosophy, which focus on the physical aspect and self-consciousness for truths and principles,[121] Lee also wrote poetry that reflected his emotion and a stage in his life collectively.[122] Many forms of art remain concordant with the artist creating them. Lee's principle of self-expression was applied to his poetry as well. His daughter Shannon Lee said, "He did write poetry; he was really the consummate artist."[123] His poetic works were originally handwritten on paper, then later on edited and published, with John Little being the major author (editor), for Bruce Lee's works. Linda Lee Cadwell (Bruce Lee's wife) shared her husband's notes, poems, and experiences with followers. She mentioned "Lee's poems are, by American standards, rather dark—reflecting the deeper, less exposed recesses of the human psyche".[124] Most of Bruce Lee's poems are categorised as anti-poetry or fall into a paradox. The mood in his poems shows the side of the man that can be compared with other poets such as Robert Frost, one of many well-known poets expressing himself with dark poetic works. The paradox taken from the Yin and Yang symbol in martial arts was also integrated into his poetry. His martial arts and philosophy contribute a great part to his poetry. The free verse form of Lee's poetry reflects his famous quote "Be formless ... shapeless, like water."[125] Personal life Names Lee's Cantonese birth name was Lee Jun-fan (李振藩).[126] The name homophonically means "return again", and was given to Lee by his mother, who felt he would return to the United States once he came of age.[127] Because of his mother's superstitious nature, she had originally named him Sai-fon (細鳳), which is a feminine name meaning "small phoenix".[31] The English name "Bruce" is thought to have been given by the hospital attending physician, Dr. Mary Glover.[128] Lee had three other Chinese names: Lee Yuen-cham (李源鑫), a family/clan name; Lee Yuen-kam (李元鑒), which he used as a student name while he was attending La Salle College, and his Chinese screen name Lee Siu-lung (李小龍; Siu-lung means "little dragon").[citation needed] Lee's given name Jun-fan was originally written in Chinese as 震藩; however, the Jun (震) Chinese character was identical to part of his grandfather's name, Lee Jun-biu (李震彪).[citation needed] Hence, the Chinese character for Jun in Lee's name was changed to the homonym 振 instead, to avoid naming taboo in Chinese tradition.[citation needed] Family Lee and his family Lee's father, Lee Hoi-chuen, was one of the leading Cantonese opera and film actors at the time and was embarking on a year-long opera tour with his family on the eve of the Japanese invasion of Hong Kong. Lee Hoi-chuen had been touring the United States for many years and performing in numerous Chinese communities there. Although many of his peers decided to stay in the US, Lee Hoi-chuen returned to Hong Kong after Bruce's birth. Within months, Hong Kong was invaded and the Lees lived for three years and eight months under Japanese occupation. After the war ended, Lee Hoi-chuen resumed his acting career and became a more popular actor during Hong Kong's rebuilding years. Lee's mother, Grace Ho, was from one of the wealthiest and most powerful clans in Hong Kong, the Ho-tungs. She was the half-niece of Sir Robert Ho-tung,[129][130] the Eurasian patriarch of the clan. As such, the young Bruce Lee grew up in an affluent and privileged environment. Despite the advantage of his family's status, the neighbourhood in which Lee grew up became overcrowded, dangerous, and full of gang rivalries due to an influx of refugees fleeing communist China for Hong Kong, at that time a British Crown Colony.[31] Grace Ho is reported as either the adopted or biological daughter of Ho Kom-tong (Ho Gumtong, 何甘棠) and the half-niece of Sir Robert Ho-tung, both notable Hong Kong businessmen and philanthropists.[129] Bruce was the fourth of five children: Phoebe Lee (李秋源), Agnes Lee (李秋鳳), Peter Lee, and Robert Lee. With his son Brandon in 1966 Grace's parentage remains unclear. Linda Lee, in her 1989 biography The Bruce Lee Story, suggests that Grace had a German father and was a Catholic.[75] Bruce Thomas, in his influential 1994 biography Bruce Lee: Fighting Spirit, suggests that Grace had a Chinese mother and a German father.[131] Lee's relative Eric Peter Ho, in his 2010 book Tracing My Children's Lineage, suggests that Grace was born in Shanghai to a Eurasian woman named Cheung King-sin.[131] Eric Peter Ho said that Grace Lee was the daughter of a mixed race Shanghainese woman and her father was Ho Kom Tong. Grace Lee said her mother was English and her father was Chinese.[132] Fredda Dudley Balling said Grace Lee was three-quarters Chinese and one-quarter British.[133] In the 2018 biography Bruce Lee: A Life, Matthew Polly identifies Lee's maternal grandfather as Ho Kom-tong, who had often been reported as his adoptive grandfather. Ho Kom-tong's father, Charles Maurice Bosman,[134] was a Dutch Jewish businessman from Rotterdam.[135] He moved to Hong Kong with the Dutch East India Company and served as the Dutch consul to Hong Kong at one time. He had a Chinese concubine named Sze Tai with whom he had six children, including Ho Kom Tong. Bosman subsequently abandoned his family and immigrated to California.[136] Ho Kom Tong became a wealthy businessman with a wife, 13 concubines, and a British mistress who gave birth to Grace Ho.[137][138][139] His younger brother Robert Lee Jun-fai is a notable musician and singer, his group The Thunderbirds were famous in Hong Kong.[140][141][142] A few singles were sung mostly or all in English. Also released was Lee singing a duet with Irene Ryder.[143] Lee Jun-fai lived with Lee in Los Angeles in the United States and stayed. After Lee's death, Lee Jun-fai released an album and the single by the same name dedicated to Lee called The Ballad of Bruce Lee.[144] While studying at the University of Washington he met his future wife Linda Emery, a fellow student studying to become a teacher. As relations between people of different races was still banned in many US states, they married in secret in August 1964.[145] Lee had two children with Linda: Brandon (1965–1993) and Shannon Lee (born 1969). Upon's Lee passing in 1973, she continued to promote Bruce Lee's martial art Jeet Kune Do. She wrote the 1975 book Bruce Lee: The Man Only I Knew, on which the 1993 feature film Dragon: The Bruce Lee Story was based.[146] In 1989, she wrote the book The Bruce Lee Story. She retired in 2001 from the family estate. Lee died when his son Brandon was eight years old. While alive, Lee taught Brandon martial arts and would invite him to visit sets. This gave Brandon the desire to act and went on to study the craft. As a young adult, Brandon Lee found some success acting in action-oriented pictures such as Legacy of Rage (1986), Showdown in Little Tokyo (1991), and Rapid Fire (1992). In 1993, at the age of 28, Brandon Lee died after being accidentally shot by a prop gun on the set of The Crow. Lee died when his daughter Shannon was four. In her youth she studied Jeet Kune Do under Richard Bustillo, one of her father's students; however, her serious studies did not begin until the late 1990s. To train for parts in action movies, she studied Jeet Kune Do with Ted Wong.[147] Friends, students, and contemporaries Lee's brother Robert with his friends Taky Kimura, Dan Inosanto, Steve McQueen, James Coburn, and Peter Chin were his pallbearers.[148] Coburn was a martial arts student and a friend of Lee. Coburn worked with Lee and Stirling Silliphant on developing The Silent Flute. Upon Lee's early death, at his funeral Coburn gave a eulogy.[148] Regarding McQueen, Lee made no secret that he wanted everything McQueen had and would stop at nothing to get it.[149][150][151] Inosanto and Kimura were friends and disciple of Lee. Inosanto who would go on to train Lee's son Brandon.[152][153] Kimura continued to teach Lee's craft in Seattle.[154] According to Lee's wife, Chin was a lifelong family friend and a student of Lee.[155] James Yimm Lee (no relation) was one of Lee's three personally certified 3rd rank instructors and co-founded the Jun Fan Gung Fu Institute in Oakland where he taught Jun Fan Gung Fu in Lee's absence. James was responsible for introducing Lee to Ed Parker, the organiser of the Long Beach International Karate Championships, where Lee was first introduced to the martial arts community.[156] Hollywood couple Roman Polanski and Sharon Tate studied martial arts with Lee. Polanski flew Lee to Switzerland to train him. Tate studied with Lee in preparation for her role in The Wrecking Crew. After Tate was murdered by the Manson Family, Polanski initially suspected Lee.[157] Screenwriter Stirling Silliphant was a martial arts student and a friend of Lee.[158][159] Silliphant worked with Lee and James Coburn on developing The Silent Flute.[160] Lee acted and provided his martial arts expertise in several projects penned by Silliphant, the first in Marlowe (1969) where Lee plays Winslow Wong a hoodlum well versed in martial arts. Lee also did fight choreographies for the film A Walk in the Spring Rain (1970), and played Li Tsung, a Jeet Kune Do instructor who teaches the main character in the television show Longstreet (1971). Elements of his martial arts philosophy were included in the script for the latter.[55][56][60][61][62][63] Basketball player Kareem Abdul-Jabbar studied martial arts and developed a friendship with Lee.[60] Actor and karate champion Chuck Norris was a friend and training partner of Lee's.[161] After Lee's passing, Norris said he kept in touch with Lee's family.[162] Judoka and professional wrestler Gene LeBell became a friend of Lee on the set of The Green Hornet. They trained together and exchanged their knowledge of martial arts.[97][106] Death Bruce Lee is buried next to his son Brandon at Lake View Cemetery in Seattle. On May 10, 1973, Lee collapsed during an automated dialogue replacement session for Enter the Dragon at Golden Harvest film studio in Hong Kong. Because he was having seizures and headaches, he was immediately rushed to Hong Kong Baptist Hospital, where doctors diagnosed cerebral edema. They were able to reduce the swelling through the administration of mannitol. The headache and cerebral edema that occurred in his first collapse were later repeated on the day of his death.[163] On Friday, July 20, 1973, Lee was in Hong Kong to have dinner with actor George Lazenby, with whom he intended to make a film. According to Lee's wife Linda, Lee met producer Raymond Chow at 2 p.m. at home to discuss the making of the film Game of Death. They worked until 4 p.m. and then drove together to the home of Lee's colleague Betty Ting Pei, a Taiwanese actress. The three went over the script at Ting's home, and then Chow left to attend a dinner meeting.[164][165] Later, Lee complained of a headache, and Ting gave him the painkiller Equagesic, which contained both aspirin and the tranquiliser meprobamate. Around 7:30 p.m., he went to lie down for a nap. When Lee did not come for dinner, Chow came to the apartment, but he was unable to wake Lee up. A doctor was summoned, and spent ten minutes attempting to revive Lee before sending him by ambulance to Queen Elizabeth Hospital. Lee was declared dead on arrival at the age of 32.[166] There was no visible external injury; however, according to autopsy reports, Lee's brain had swollen considerably, from 1,400 to 1,575 grams (a 13% increase). The autopsy found Equagesic in his system. On October 15, 2005, Chow stated in an interview that Lee died from an allergic reaction to the tranquiliser meprobamate, the main ingredient in Equagesic, which Chow described as an ingredient commonly used in painkillers. When the doctors announced Lee's death, it was officially ruled a "death by misadventure".[167][168] Lee's wife Linda returned to her hometown of Seattle, and had Lee's body buried in Lake View Cemetery in Seattle.[169][170] Pallbearers at Lee's funeral on July 25, 1973, included Taky Kimura, Steve McQueen, James Coburn, Dan Inosanto, Peter Chin, and Lee's brother Robert.[171] Around the time of Lee's death, numerous rumours appeared in the media.[172] Lee's iconic status and untimely death fed many wild rumours and theories. These included murder involving the triads and a supposed curse on him and his family, rumors that persist to the present day.[173] Donald Teare, a forensic scientist, recommended by Scotland Yard, who had overseen over 1,000 autopsies, was assigned to the Lee case. His conclusion was "death by misadventure" caused by cerebral edema due to a reaction to compounds present in the combination medication Equagesic. Although there was initial speculation that cannabis found in Lee's stomach may have contributed to his death, Teare said it would "be both 'irresponsible and irrational' to say that [cannabis] might have triggered either the events of Bruce's collapse on May 10 or his death on July 20". Dr. R. R. Lycette, the clinical pathologist at Queen Elizabeth Hospital, reported at the coroner hearing that the death could not have been caused by cannabis.[174] In a 2018 biography, author Matthew Polly consulted with medical experts and theorised that the cerebral edema that killed Lee had been caused by over-exertion and heat stroke; heat stroke was not considered at the time because it was then a poorly understood condition. Furthermore, Lee had his underarm sweat glands removed in late 1972, in the apparent belief that underarm sweat was unphotogenic on film. Polly further theorised that this caused Lee's body to overheat while practising in hot temperatures on May 10 and July 20, 1973, resulting in heat stroke that in turn exacerbated the cerebral edema that led to his death.[175] Legacy and cultural impact Further information: Bruceploitation and Jeet Kune Do Bruce Lee statue in Hong Kong Lee is considered by commentators, critics, media, and other martial artists to be the most influential martial artist of all time,[176][177][178] and a pop culture icon of the 20th century, who bridged the gap between East and West.[179][180] Time named Lee one of the 100 most important people of the 20th century.[181] A number of biography books have been written about Bruce Lee. A biography about Lee sold more than 4 million copies by 1988.[182] Action films See also: Chopsocky and Hong Kong action cinema Lee was largely responsible for launching the "kung fu craze" of the 1970s.[183][184] He initially introduced kung fu to the West with American television shows such as The Green Hornet and Kung Fu,[184] before the "kung fu craze" began with the dominance of Hong Kong martial arts films in 1973.[183] Lee's success inspired a wave of Western martial arts films and television shows throughout the 1970s–1990s (launching the careers of Western martial arts stars such as Jean-Claude Van Damme, Steven Seagal and Chuck Norris), as well as the more general integration of Asian martial arts into Western action films and television shows during the 1980s–1990s.[184] Enter the Dragon has been cited as one of the most influential action films of all time. Sascha Matuszak of Vice said Enter the Dragon "is referenced in all manner of media, the plot line and characters continue to influence storytellers today, and the impact was particularly felt in the revolutionizing way the film portrayed African-Americans, Asians and traditional martial arts."[185] Kuan-Hsing Chen and Beng Huat Chua cited fight scenes in Lee's films such as Enter the Dragon as being influential for the way they pitched "an elemental story of good against evil in such a spectacle-saturated way".[186] A number of action filmmakers around the world have cited Bruce Lee as a formative influence on their careers, including Hong Kong action film directors such as Jackie Chan[187] and John Woo,[188][189] and Hollywood filmmakers such as Quentin Tarantino[190] and Brett Ratner.[189] Martial arts and combat sports Jeet Kune Do, a hybrid martial arts philosophy drawing from different combat disciplines that was founded by Lee, is often credited with paving the way for modern mixed martial arts (MMA).[191][192][193] The concept of mixed martial arts was popularised in the West by Bruce Lee via his system of Jeet Kune Do. Lee believed that "the best fighter is not a Boxer, Karate or Judo man. The best fighter is someone who can adapt to any style, to be formless, to adopt an individual's own style and not following the system of styles." In 2004, Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC) founder Dana White called Lee the "father of mixed martial arts" and stated: "If you look at the way Bruce Lee trained, the way he fought, and many of the things he wrote, he said the perfect style was no style. You take a little something from everything. You take the good things from every different discipline, use what works, and you throw the rest away".[194] Lee was largely responsible for many people taking up martial arts.[193] These include numerous fighters in combat sports who were inspired by Lee; boxing champion Sugar Ray Leonard said he perfected his jab by watching Lee, boxing champion Manny Pacquiao compared his fighting style to Lee, and UFC champion Conor McGregor also compared himself to Lee and said that he believes Lee would have been a champion in the UFC if he were to compete in the present day.[195] Lee inspired the foundation of American full-contact kickboxing tournaments by Joe Lewis[193] and Benny Urquidez in the 1970s.[193][196] American taekwondo pioneer Jhoon Goo Rhee learned from Lee what he calls the "accupunch", which he incorporated into American taekwondo; Rhee later coached heavyweight boxing champion Muhammad Ali and taught him the "accupunch", which Ali used to knockout Richard Dunn in 1975.[102] According to heavyweight boxing champion Mike Tyson, "everyone wanted to be Bruce Lee" in the 1970s.[197] UFC pound-for-pound champion Jon Jones also cited Lee as inspiration,[198] with Jones known for frequently using the oblique kick to the knee, a technique that was popularised by Lee.[103] UFC champions Uriah Hall and Anderson Silva also cited Lee as an inspiration.[187] Numerous other UFC fighters have cited Lee as their inspiration, with several referring to him as a "godfather" or "grandfather" of MMA.[199] Racial barriers and stereotypes Lee is credited with helping to change the way Asians were presented in American films.[3] He defied Asian stereotypes, such as the emasculated Asian male stereotype.[8] In contrast to earlier stereotypes which depicted Asian men as emasculated, childlike, coolies, or domestic servants, Lee demonstrated that Asian men could be "tough, strong and sexy" according to University of Michigan lecturer Hye Seung Chung. In turn, Lee's popularity inspired a new Asian stereotype, the martial artist.[200] In North America, his films initially played largely to black, Asian and Hispanic audiences. Within black communities, Lee's popularity was second only to heavyweight boxer Muhammad Ali in the 1970s. As Lee broke through to the mainstream, he became a rare non-white movie star in a Hollywood industry dominated by white actors at the time.[201] According to rapper LL Cool J, Lee's films were the first time many non-white American children such as himself had seen a non-white action hero on the big screen in the 1970s.[189] Popular culture Numerous entertainment and sports figures around the world have cited Lee as a major influence on their work, including martial arts actors such as Jackie Chan[187] and Donnie Yen,[189] actor-bodybuilder Arnold Schwarzenegger,[189] actor-comedians such as Eddie Murphy[202] and Eddie Griffin,[187] actresses such as Olivia Munn and Dianne Doan,[187] musicians such as Steve Aoki and Rohan Marley,[187] rappers such as LL Cool J and Wu-Tang Clan leader RZA,[188][189] music bands such as the Gorillaz,[189] comedians such as W. Kamau Bell[187] and Margaret Cho,[189] basketball players Stephen Curry and Jamal Murray, skaters Tony Hawk and Christian Hosoi, and American footballer Kyler Murray, among others.[187] Bruce Lee influenced several comic book writers, notably Marvel Comics founder Stan Lee,[188] who considered Bruce Lee to be a superhero without a costume.[189] Shortly after his death, Lee inspired the Marvel characters Shang-Chi (debuted 1973) and Iron Fist (debuted 1974) as well as the comic book series The Deadly Hands of Kung Fu (debuted 1974). According to Stan Lee, any character that is a martial artist since then owes their origin to Bruce Lee in some form.[189] Bruce Lee was a formative influence on the development of breakdancing in the 1970s. Early breakdancing pioneers such as the Rock Steady Crew drew inspiration from kung fu moves, as performed by Lee, inspiring dance moves such as the windmill among other breaking moves.[203][189] In India, Lee films had an influence on Bollywood masala films.[204] After the success of Lee films such as Enter the Dragon in India,[205] Deewaar (1975) and later Bollywood films incorporated fight scenes inspired by 1970s Hong Kong martial arts films up until the 1990s.[206] According to Indian film star Aamir Khan, when he was a child, "almost every house had a poster of Bruce Lee" in 1970s Bombay.[207] In Japan, the manga and anime franchises Fist of the North Star (1983–1988) and Dragon Ball (1984–1995) were inspired by Lee films such as Enter the Dragon.[208][209] In turn, Fist of the North Star and especially Dragon Ball are credited with setting the trends for popular shōnen manga and anime from the 1980s onwards.[210][211] Spike Spiegel, the protagonist from the 1998 anime Cowboy Bebop, is seen practising Jeet Kune Do and quotes Lee.[212] Bruce Lee films such as Game of Death and Enter the Dragon were the foundation for video game genres such as beat 'em up action games and fighting games.[213][214][215] The first beat 'em up game, Kung-Fu Master (1984), was based on Lee's Game of Death.[216] The Street Fighter video game franchise (1987 debut) was inspired by Enter the Dragon, with the gameplay centered around an international fighting tournament, and each character having a unique combination of ethnicity, nationality and fighting style; Street Fighter went on to set the template for all fighting games that followed.[217] Since then, nearly every major fighting game franchise has had a character based on Bruce Lee.[189] In April 2014, Lee was named a featured character in the combat sports video game EA Sports UFC, and is playable in multiple weight classes.[218] In France, the Yamakasi cited the martial arts philosophy of Bruce Lee as an influence on their development of the parkour discipline in the 1990s, along with the acrobatics of Jackie Chan.[219][220] The Yamakasi considered Lee to be the "unofficial president" of their group.[220] The Legend of Bruce Lee (2008), a Chinese television drama series based on the life of Bruce Lee, has been watched by over 400 million viewers in China, making it the most-watched Chinese television drama series of all time, as of 2017.[221][222] Commercials Though Bruce Lee did not appear in commercials during his lifetime, his likeness and image has since appeared in hundreds of commercials around the world.[189] Nokia launched an Internet-based campaign in 2008 with staged "documentary-looking" footage of Bruce Lee playing ping-pong with his nunchaku and also igniting matches as they are thrown toward him. The videos went viral on YouTube, creating confusion as some people believed them to be authentic footage.[223] Honors Further information: List of awards and honors received by Bruce Lee Awards 1972: Golden Horse Awards Best Mandarin Film 1972: Fist of Fury Special Jury Award[224] 1994: Hong Kong Film Award for Lifetime Achievement[224] 1999: Named by Time as one of the 100 most influential people of the 20th century[3] 2004: Star of the Century Award[225] 2013: The Asian Awards Founders Award[226] Statues Statue of Bruce Lee (Los Angeles): unveiled June 15, 2013,[227] Chinatown Central Plaza, Los Angeles, California Statue of Bruce Lee (Hong Kong): 2.5 m (8.2 ft) bronze statue of Lee was unveiled on November 27, 2005, on what would have been his 65th birthday.[228] Statue of Bruce Lee (Mostar): The day before the Hong Kong statue was dedicated, the city of Mostar in Bosnia and Herzegovina unveiled its own 1.68 m (5.5 ft) bronze statue; supporters of the statue cited Lee as a unifying symbol against the ethnic divisions in the country, which had culminated in the 1992–95 Bosnian War.[229] Places A theme park dedicated to Lee was built in Jun'an, Guangdong. Mainland Chinese only started watching Bruce Lee films in the 1980s, when videos of classic movies like The Chinese Connection became available. On January 6, 2009, it was announced that Lee's Hong Kong home (41 Cumberland Road, Kowloon, Hong Kong) would be preserved and transformed into a tourist site by Yu Pang-lin.[230][231] Yu died in 2015 and this plan did not materialise.[232] In 2018, Yu's grandson, Pang Chi-ping, said: "We will convert the mansion into a centre for Chinese studies next year, which provides courses like Mandarin and Chinese music for children."[233] Filmography Main article: Bruce Lee filmography Books Chinese Gung-Fu: The Philosophical Art of Self Defense (Bruce Lee's first book) – 1963 Tao of Jeet Kune Do (Published posthumously) – 1973 Bruce Lee's Fighting Method (Published posthumously) – 1978 See also Bruce Lee (comics) Bruce Lee Library Bruceploitation Dragon: The Bruce Lee Story List of stars on the Hollywood Walk of Fame – Bruce Lee at 6933 Hollywood Blvd The Legend of Bruce Lee Citations  "Hong Kong Cinemagic - Bruce Lee". Archived from the original on November 23, 2012. 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Berkeley: Frog Ltd.  Polly, Matthew (2019). Bruce Lee: A Life. Simon and Schuster. p. 478. ISBN 978-1-5011-8763-6. Archived from the original on June 20, 2020. Retrieved June 8, 2020. Enter the Dragon struck a responsive chord across the globe. Made for a minuscule $850,000, it would gross $90 million worldwide in 1973 and go on to earn an estimated $350 million over the next forty-five years.  "Inflation Calculator". Bureau of Labor Statistics. Archived from the original on May 29, 2008. Retrieved May 30, 2008.  Wilson, Wayne (2001). Bruce Lee. Mitchell Lane Publishers. pp. 30–1. ISBN 978-1-58415-066-4. After its release, Enter the Dragon became Warner Brothers' highest grossing movie of 1973. It has earned well over $400 million  Risen, Clay (February 11, 2022). "Bob Wall, Martial Arts Master Who Sparred With Bruce Lee, Dies at 82". The New York Times. Archived from the original on February 11, 2022. Retrieved April 16, 2022.  Chachowski, Richard (March 21, 2022). "The Best Kung Fu Movies Of All Time Ranked". Looper.com. Static Media. Retrieved April 16, 2022.  Film producer Andre Morgan, who worked with Lee on the set of Game of Death, recalls that a choice had to be made from what was made available: a yellow suit or a black suit. The yellow suit was chosen because it allowed a footprint from a kick to be seen on film in a fighting scene with Kareem.  "The truth about Bruce Lee's yellow jumpsuit". South China Morning Post. November 27, 2015. Archived from the original on November 28, 2015.  Bruce Lee, the Legend, 1977, Paragon Films, Ltd., 20th Century Fox Home Entertainment  "Shaw Brothers Film Project". Archived from the original on November 3, 2011. Retrieved January 6, 2011.  Andreeva, Nellie (May 21, 2015). "Cinemax Developing Bruce Lee-Inspired Crime Drama 'Warrior' From Justin Lin". Archived from the original on November 15, 2020. Retrieved April 16, 2020.  Andreeva, Nellie (October 11, 2017). 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"Quentin Tarantino: The Complete Syllabus of His Influences and References". Vulture.com. Retrieved May 16, 2022.  Bruce Lee's Protégé Recalls His Humility Amid 'Once Upon a Time' Criticism Archived August 16, 2019, at the Wayback Machine. Variety. July 31, 2019.  Dana White and the future of UFC Archived October 7, 2018, at the Wayback Machine. Fight Times. October 1, 2004.  Beasley, Jerry (September 2003). "The Man Who Changed the World: How Bruce Lee Continues to Influence the American Martial Arts". Black Belt. Active Interest Media, Inc. 41 (9): 54–9.  Wickert, Marc. 2004. Dana White and the future of UFC. kucklepit.com. See Wikiquotes for the text.  Akintoye, Dotun (June 6, 2020). "Could Bruce Lee win a real fight?". ESPN.com. ESPN Inc. Archived from the original on June 9, 2020. Retrieved June 10, 2020.  Scott, Mathew (April 11, 2020). "Benny 'The Jet' Urquidez: Bruce Lee, Jackie Chan, and mixing the martial arts". Bloody Elbow. Archived from the original on October 11, 2020. Retrieved March 21, 2021.  Tyson, Mike. "Everyone Wanted to be Bruce Lee". YouTube. Hotboxin' with Mike Tyson. Archived from the original on January 9, 2021. Retrieved January 6, 2021.  Razvi, Sam (March 19, 2012). "Exclusive interview with UFC champion Jon Jones". Coach Mag. Archived from the original on June 16, 2020. Retrieved June 16, 2020.  Stets, Michael (July 20, 2013). "The MMA World Pays Tribute to Bruce Lee 40 Years After His Death". Bleacher Report. Archived from the original on June 19, 2020. Retrieved June 15, 2020.  "In Bruce Lee's Shadow: Asians Struggle to Create New Hollywood Images". ABC News. November 23, 2005. Retrieved May 17, 2022.  Early, Mwanafunzi Gerald (January 17, 1975). "The Fists of Bruce Lee". The Daily Pennsylvanian. Philadelphia. p. 4. Retrieved April 7, 2022. Bruce Lee, at this time, rates behind only Muhamnad Ali as the most popular personality for Black folks. (...) Lee's films have played largely to Black, Puerto Rican, and Chinese audiences in America. Indeed, when "The Return of the Dragon" was released it grossed an unbelievable $185,000 in one week at two theaters in the Black section of Chicago (...) He became an image, a very powerful, very beautiful, non-white image in a world where only Liv Ullman and Robert Redford are supposed to be beautiful.  Kilkenny, Katie; Beresford, Trilby (October 26, 2019). "Eddie Murphy Talks Channeling Bruce Lee and Obama's Request for Him". The Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the original on February 2, 2021. Retrieved January 27, 2021.  Neal, Mark Anthony; Forman, Murray (2004). That's the Joint!: The Hip-hop Studies Reader. Psychology Press. p. 39. ISBN 978-0-415-96919-2.  Stadtman, Todd (2015). Funky Bollywood: The Wild World of 1970s Indian Action Cinema. FAB Press. ISBN 9781903254776. Archived from the original on June 10, 2020. Retrieved June 10, 2020.  "Bruce Lee storms Bombay once again with Return of the Dragon". India Today. September 15, 1979. Archived from the original on July 16, 2018. Retrieved January 20, 2015.  Heide, William Van der (2002). Malaysian Cinema, Asian Film: Border Crossings and National Cultures. Amsterdam University Press. ISBN 9789053565803. Archived from the original on June 5, 2020. Retrieved June 10, 2020.  Lee, Edmund (April 16, 2018). "Bollywood icon Aamir Khan, in Hong Kong, on being a star in China". South China Morning Post. Archived from the original on April 17, 2018. Retrieved May 16, 2022.  "New Fist of the North Star: Interview with Buronson". ADV Films. Archived from the original on February 18, 2007. Retrieved May 5, 2010.  The Dragon Ball Z Legend: The Quest Continues. DH Publishing Inc. 2004. p. 7. ISBN 9780972312493.  Jensen, K. Thor (October 2, 2018). "The Absurd, Brilliant Violence of Fist Of The North Star". Geek.com. Ziff Davis. Archived from the original on October 11, 2018. Retrieved April 28, 2020.  Thompson, Jason (March 10, 2011). "Jason Thompson's House of 1000 Manga – Dragon Ball". Anime News Network. Archived from the original on September 16, 2016. Retrieved January 31, 2014.  "Session #8: Waltz for Venus". Cowboy Bebop. December 12, 1998. Sunrise.  Gill, Patrick (September 24, 2020). "Street Fighter and basically every fighting game exist because of Bruce Lee". Polygon. Archived from the original on March 10, 2021. Retrieved March 24, 2021.  Stuart, Keith (April 9, 2014). "Bruce Lee, UFC and why the martial arts star is a video game hero". The Guardian. Archived from the original on May 17, 2019. Retrieved July 20, 2020.  Kapell, Matthew Wilhelm (2015). The Play Versus Story Divide in Game Studies: Critical Essays. McFarland & Company. p. 166. ISBN 978-1-4766-2309-2. Archived from the original on June 6, 2020. Retrieved June 10, 2020.  Spencer, Spanner (February 6, 2008). "The Tao of Beat-'em-ups". Eurogamer. p. 2. Archived from the original on April 15, 2021. Retrieved July 20, 2020.  Thrasher, Christopher David (2015). Fight Sports and American Masculinity: Salvation in Violence from 1607 to the Present. McFarland. p. 208. ISBN 978-1-4766-1823-4. Archived from the original on June 6, 2020. Retrieved June 10, 2020.  Jason Nawara (April 6, 2014). "Bruce Lee revealed as the hidden EA UFC character, release date confirmed". mmanuts.com. Archived from the original on April 8, 2014. Retrieved April 6, 2014.  "Parkour History". Parkour Generations. Retrieved March 13, 2019.  Angel, Julie (June 16, 2016). Breaking the Jump: The Secret Story of Parkour's High Flying Rebellion. Aurum Press. ISBN 978-1-78131-554-5.  Magazine, Hollywood Stage (November 23, 2017). "Ted Duran, a star in The Legend of Bruce Lee TV series is becoming known for his adaptability in Films & TV around the world". Hollywood Stage Magazine. Retrieved May 16, 2022.  "Largest Bruce Lee Museum opens in S. China". China.org.cn. China Internet Information Center. November 11, 2008. Retrieved May 16, 2022.  Agency.Asia. "JWT Beijing and Shanghai". agency.asia. Archived from the original on May 26, 2016. Retrieved April 8, 2016.  "Awards, Honors, Achievements, and Activities". Los Angeles: Bruce Lee Foundation. Archived from the original on August 20, 2009. Retrieved June 7, 2010.  "Enter the star of the century". The Sydney Morning Herald. Archived from the original on November 11, 2012. Retrieved March 21, 2017.  "Special Report: Asian Awards 2013". April 18, 2013. Archived from the original on May 31, 2013. Retrieved April 29, 2013.  Bruce Lee statue unveiled in L.A.'s Chinatown Archived June 17, 2013, at the Wayback Machine, Los Angeles Times, June 16, 2013  "Hong Kong's honour for Bruce Lee". July 24, 2005. Archived from the original on March 13, 2017. Retrieved March 26, 2019.  "Bosnia unveils Bruce Lee bronze". November 26, 2005. Archived from the original on March 26, 2019. Retrieved March 26, 2019.  "Bruce Lee's home to become a museum". The Hollywood Reporter. January 6, 2009. Archived from the original on August 7, 2010. Retrieved August 28, 2010.  "Bruce Lee 35th anniversary". The Hindu. India. July 19, 2008. Archived from the original on November 9, 2012. Retrieved June 3, 2011.  Servando, Kristine (September 8, 2015). "Inside Bruce Lee's Hong Kong home: from Crane's Nest to love hotel and why it never became a museum". South China Morning Post. Archived from the original on April 19, 2019.  Cheung, Gary (November 18, 2018). "Bruce Lee's Hong Kong mansion to become Chinese studies centre". South China Morning Post. Archived from the original on April 19, 2019. General bibliography Bishop, James (2004). Bruce Lee: Dynamic Becoming. Dallas: Promethean Press. ISBN 0-9734054-0-6. Bolelli, Daniele (2008). On the Warrior's Path. Blue Snake Books. ISBN 978-1-58394-219-2. Archived from the original on June 14, 2020. Retrieved June 13, 2020. Campbell, Sid (2003). The Dragon and the Tiger: The Birth of Bruce Lee's Jeet Kune Do. Vol. 1 (illustrated ed.). Frog Books. ISBN 1-58394-089-8. Archived from the original on April 6, 2019. Retrieved March 16, 2016. Campbell, Sid (2006). Remembering the master (illustrated ed.). Blue Snake Books. ISBN 1-58394-148-7. Archived from the original on April 6, 2019. Retrieved March 16, 2016. Clouse, Robert (1988). Bruce Lee: The Biography (illustrated ed.). Unique Publications. ISBN 0-86568-133-3. Dennis, Felix (1974). Bruce Lee, King of Kung-Fu (illustrated ed.). Wildwood House. ISBN 0-7045-0121-X. Dorgan, Michael (1980). Bruce Lee's Toughest Fight. EBM Kung Fu Academy. Archived from the original on October 18, 2018. Retrieved December 27, 2009. Glover, Jesse R. (1976). Bruce Lee Between Win Chun and Jeet Kune Do. Unspecified vendor. ISBN 0-9602328-0-X. Lee, Bruce (1975). Tao of Jeet Kune Do (reprint ed.). Ohara Publications. ISBN 0-89750-048-2. Lee, Bruce (2008). M. Uyehara (ed.). Bruce Lee's Fighting Method: The Complete Edition (illustrated ed.). Black Belt Communications. ISBN 978-0-89750-170-5. Lee, Linda (1975a). Bruce Lee: the man only I knew. Warner Paperback Library. ISBN 0-446-78774-4. Lee, Linda (1989). The Bruce Lee Story. United States: Ohara Publications. ISBN 0-89750-121-7. Archived from the original on April 5, 2019. Retrieved March 16, 2016. Little, John (2001). Bruce Lee: Artist of Life. Tuttle Publishing. ISBN 0-8048-3263-3. Archived from the original on April 5, 2019. Retrieved March 16, 2016. Little, John (1996). The Warrior Within – The philosophies of Bruce Lee to better understand the world around you and achieve a rewarding life (illustrated ed.). McGraw-Hill. ISBN 0-8092-3194-8. Little, John (1997). Words of the Dragon: Interviews 1958–1973 (Bruce Lee). Tuttle Publishing. ISBN 0-8048-3133-5. Archived from the original on April 5, 2019. Retrieved March 16, 2016. Little, John (1997). Jeet Kune Do: Bruce Lee's Commentaries on the Martial Way (illustrated ed.). Tuttle Publishing. ISBN 0-8048-3132-7. Archived from the original on April 5, 2019. Retrieved March 16, 2016. Little, John (1997). The tao of gung fu: a study in the way of Chinese martial art. Bruce Lee Library. Vol. 2 (illustrated ed.). Tuttle Publishing. ISBN 0-8048-3110-6. Archived from the original on April 5, 2019. Retrieved March 16, 2016. Little, John (1998). Bruce Lee: The Art of Expressing the Human Body. Tuttle Publishing. ISBN 978-0-8048-3129-1. Archived from the original on April 5, 2019. Retrieved March 16, 2016. Little, John (2002). Striking Thoughts: Bruce Lee's Wisdom for Daily Living (illustrated ed.). Tuttle Publishing. ISBN 0-8048-3471-7. Archived from the original on April 6, 2019. Retrieved March 16, 2016. Polly, Matthew (2018). Bruce Lee: A Life. New York: Simon & Schuster. ISBN 9781501187643. Rafiq, Fiaz; Lee Inosanto, Diana (2020). Bruce Lee: The Life of a Legend. Birlinn. ISBN 9781788853309. Sharif, Sulaiman (2009). 50 Martial Arts Myths. new media entertainment ltd. ISBN 978-0-9677546-2-8. Archived from the original on April 5, 2019. Retrieved March 16, 2016. Thomas, Bruce (1994). Bruce Lee: Fighting Spirit: a Biography. Berkeley, California: Frog, Ltd. ISBN 1-883319-25-0. Thomas, Bruce (2006). Immortal Combat: Portrait of a True Warrior (illustrated ed.). Blue Snake Books. ISBN 1-58394-173-8. Archived from the original on April 5, 2019. Retrieved March 16, 2016. Uyehara, Mitoshi (1993). Bruce Lee: the incomparable fighter (illustrated ed.). Black Belt Communications. ISBN 0-89750-120-9. Vaughn, Jack (1986). The Legendary Bruce Lee. Black Belt Communications. ISBN 0-89750-106-3. Archived from the original on April 6, 2019. Retrieved March 16, 2016. Yılmaz, Yüksel (2000). Dövüş Sanatlarının Temel İlkeleri. İstanbul, Turkey: Beyaz Yayınları. ISBN 975-8261-87-8. Yılmaz, Yüksel (2008). Jeet Kune Do'nun Felsefesi. İstanbul, Turkey: Yalın Yayıncılık. ISBN 978-9944-313-67-4. External links Bruce Lee at Wikipedia's sister projects Media from Commons Quotations from Wikiquote Bruce Lee Foundation Bruce Lee at AllMovie Bruce Lee at the Hong Kong Movie DataBase Bruce Lee at IMDb Bruce Lee discography at Discogs vte Bruce Lee FilmographyAwards and honorsMedia about Films    As film director    The Way of the Dragon (1972)Game of Death (1978)Game of Death Redux (2019) As writer    Circle of Iron (1978) Books written    Chinese Gung Fu: The Philosophical Art of Self-DefenseTao of Jeet Kune DoBruce Lee's Fighting MethodBruce Lee Library Techniques    Jeet Kune DoOne-inch punchStraight blast Works about    Films    Hong Kong    Bruce Lee, the Man and the Legend (1973)Bruce Lee: A Dragon Story (1974)Bruce Lee and I (1976)The Dragon Lives (1976)Bruce Lee: The Man, The Myth (1976)The Real Bruce Lee (1977)Bruce Lee: A Warrior's Journey (2000)Bruce Lee, My Brother (2010) United States    Dragon: The Bruce Lee Story (1993)Bruce Lee: The Curse of the Dragon (1993)Bruce 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CaliforniaUniversity of Washington alumniWing Chun practitioners from Hong KongWriters from San FranciscoAmerican born Hong Kong artists Top Martial Arts Action Stars of the Century. These people are a masters of their craft and have appeared in film at least once. "Adapt what is useful, reject what is useless, and add what is specifically your own." — Bruce Lee Sort by: View: 111 names Bruce Lee 1. Bruce Lee Actor | Meng long guo jiang Bruce Lee remains the greatest icon of martial arts cinema and a key figure of modern popular media. Had it not been for Bruce Lee and his movies in the early 1970s, it's arguable whether or not the martial arts film genre would have ever penetrated and influenced mainstream North American and ... The Undisputed King of Martial Arts Cinema & the Greatest Martial Artist of the 20th century. His name is immortally synonymous with the words Kung Fu. Has been credited and dubbed as the Father of Mixed Martial Arts, he is the sole reason the genre exploded in the 70s to even today. With just 4 Completed Kung Fu films under his belt, his foot print on pop culture is still unmatched by anyone and have been referenced in countless films, television, music, and video games. he accomplished the impossible: He not only gave the Chinese people and nation an identity, but he also made Asian-American kids proud to be Asian. In the end, he inspired more people to practice the martial arts than anyone else in history. He also broke down racial barriers under the banner of using the martial arts as a path to brotherhood and self-expression. If it wasn’t for Lee giving Hong Kong movies and martial arts cinema legitimacy around the world, the martial arts film industry would not have the impact—or the box-office dollars—it has today. He is founder of Jeet Kune Do. Jackie Chan 2. Jackie Chan Actor | Ngo si seoi Hong Kong's cheeky, lovable and best known film star, Jackie Chan endured many years of long, hard work and multiple injuries to establish international success after his start in Hong Kong's manic martial arts cinema industry. Jackie was born Kong-sang Chan on April 7, 1954, on Hong Kong's famous ... Described as a three way hybrid of Bruce Lee, Buster Keaton & Charles Chaplin. His Martial Arts skills, mind blowing DEATH DEFYING STUNTS, aswell as his Physical Comedy & light humor is what truly sets him apart from all the Bruce Lee imitators that followed the Death of a Legend. Considered to be Bruce Lee's true successor, Infact He worked with Bruce Lee as a stunt coordinator during his Early Years in Film Cinema, Together with his "Dragon Brothers" Sammo Hung & Yuen Biao, they would make and perform some of the greatest fight scenes and stunts ever caught on film. Also an accomplished director he has about a hundred films under his belt and has successfully crossed over to the West aswell as remain as one of the Biggest stars in the East. A Living Legend. Jet Li 3. Jet Li Actor | Huo Yuan Jia Jet Li born Li Lian Jie in Beijing, China. He started training at the Beijing wushu academy (wushu is China's national sport, largely a performance version of various martial art styles) at age eight. He won five gold medals in the Chinese championships, his first when he was only 11. In his teens,... Born in 1963 and raised during the Cultural Revolution, Jet Li is the first Communist Chinese film star to make it in Hollywood. His first effort, The Shaolin Temple (1979), was the first kung fu movie made in China since Mao Zedong outlawed the traditional martial arts in 1949 and ordered the destruction of the real Shaolin Temple. Although Li’s a public figure in China, his belief in Tibetan Buddhism and a way of life frowned upon by his government has led him beyond the political quagmire and put him on a more philosophical path. Sammo Kam-Bo Hung 4. Sammo Kam-Bo Hung Stunts | Ip Man Born in Hong Kong, Sammo Hung's acting career began while he was training in acrobatics, martial arts and dance as a child at the China Drama Academy, and he received acclaim for his performance with a troupe called "The Seven Little Fortunes." He made his feature film debut as an actor at the age ... At age 10, Sammo Hung enrolled in a Beijing opera school, where he learned the skills that would eventually see him through more than 140 movies. He’s the man Jackie Chan calls “big brother” and regularly seeks council from. Many believe Hung’s films (Magnificent Butcher in 1980, Prodigal Son in 1981) feature better choreography than Chan’s. Hung later branched into muo shan shu (Chinese voodoo) moviemaking, where productions such as Close Encounters of the Spooky Kind (1981) and Dead and the Deadly (1982) mixed slapstick comedy with startling brutality. Although many Western fans know Hung as the portly monk who battled Bruce Lee in Enter the Dragon, his CBS series Martial Law was rated No. 1 in its time slot for two seasons. Chia-Hui Liu 5. Chia-Hui Liu Actor | Kill Bill: Vol. 2 Chia-Hui Liu was born on August 22, 1951 in Guangdong, China. He is known for Kill Bill: Vol. 2 (2004), Kill Bill: Vol. 1 (2003) and The 36th Chamber of Shaolin (1978). He was previously married to Ma Fei-feng. Born with the Chinese name of Xian Qi-xi and the English name of Louis Sin, Gordon Liu Chia-Hui skipped school to practice the martial arts under the renowned Liu Zhan. Later, in honor of Liu Zhan’s skills, Gordon changed his name to Liu and was adopted into the family. He initially planned to become a policeman, but at the bequest of his kung fu brother, noted director Liu Chia-liang, Gordon Liu became an actor for Shaw Brothers in 1974. With his landmark role in The 36th Chamber of Shaolin (1978) playing real-life monk San Te, he quickly built a name that symbolized the Shaolin priesthood. The West knows him best for his roles as head of the Crazy 88s in Kill Bill Vol. 1 and Bai Mei in Kill Bill Vol. 2. Donnie Yen 6. Donnie Yen Actor | Ip Man Donnie Yen was born in Guangzhou, China. His mother, Bow-sim Mark, was a kung fu master and his father, Kylster Yen, a newspaper editor and amateur musician. When Donnie was just two years old, the family moved to Hong Kong and then, when he was 11, to Boston, Massachusetts. There, Master Bow-sim ... Although not as well known as the first four on this list in the west, he is extremely popular in Asia and for good reason. His fighting skill and choreography is nothing short but extraordinary. He has been in the business for a longtime starring in such gems as Wing Chun, Iron Monkey, & Hero, it wasnt until he starred in the Martial arts Biopic of the Grandmaster Yip Man simply entitled "Ip man" did he gain mainstream and world wide acceptance. And Since its release he has continued starring and choreographing some of the BEST martial arts action films today. Michelle Yeoh 7. Michelle Yeoh Actress | Wo hu cang long Michelle Yeoh was born in Ipoh, Malaysia. She's the daughter of Janet Yeoh & Kian Teik Yeoh. She's of Hokkien descent, speaking English and Malay before Chinese. A ballet dancer since 4, she moved to London to study at the Royal Academy as a teen. After a brief dance career, she won the Miss ... The undisputed Queen of Martial Arts Cinema. She has proven to hold her own alongside the like of Jet Li, (Twin Warriors) Donnie Yen, (Wing Chun) Sammo Hung (The Stuntwoman) & even the great Jackie Chan (Supercop). Born in Malaysia with the name Yang Zi-chong, Michelle Yeoh trained in ballet at London’s Royal Academy of Dramatic Arts. Her physical prowess brought her opportunities to star in The Heroic Trio (1992), Wing Chun (1994), Magnificent Warriors (1987) and Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon (2000) Among many others. The Hong Kong stunt biz is a male-dominated industry, so when action-directors Ching Siu Tung, Stanley Tong, Sammo Hung, Yuen Woo-ping and Jackie Chan say Yeoh is the best stuntwoman-fighter in the film industry, that about says it all. Ironically, she doesn’t practice the martial arts. Shin'ichi Chiba 8. Shin'ichi Chiba Actor | Kill Bill: Vol. 1 Sonny Chiba was born as Sadao Maeda in Fukuoka, Japan on January 22, 1939. His father was a military test pilot. During his youth, he had an interest in both theater & gymnastics. He was talented enough to make the Japanese Olympic Team until a chronic back injury ended his career. However, he took... Japans answer to Bruce Lee. A Force to be wrekoned with, he trained under the legendary Mas Oyama and even portrayed his sensei in the Karate Bullfighter Trilogy. Born in 1939 as Sadao Maeda, Sonny Chiba studied Noh (classical Japanese drama) and was a contender for Japan’s Olympic gymnastics team until he injured his back and began practicing karate under Mas Oyama. Joining Toei Studios in 1961, he used his muscle-bound body to become its answer to Bruce Lee. Chiba’s ultrabrutal The Streetfighter (1974) was the first movie released in America with an X-rating for violence. Its success spawned three sequels. Capping a career that spans 40 years and 140 films, Chiba co-starred in Kill Bill as Hattori Hanzo, a character he once played on Japanese television. Tony Jaa 9. Tony Jaa Actor | Ong-bak 3 Japanom Yeerum was born on February 5, 1976, in the northeastern province of Surin, Thailand. His parents were elephant herders. Jaa watched martial arts films as a young kid and began to emulate some of his idols, from Bruce Lee to Jackie Chan to Jet Li. Jaa studied martial arts at the local ... Along with Donnie Yen, Jacky Wu, Jeeja Yanin, Scott Adkins, & Rina Takeda, Jaa is credited for bringing back the Martial Arts genre from obscurity and back into the mainstream, with his debut film Ong Bak, he was able to showcase and utilize his incredible skills in Muay Thai Boxing aswell as his Jackie Chan inspired Stuntwork. Ladies and Gents, Meet the Next Generation of Martial Arts Cinema. Pei-Pei Cheng 10. Pei-Pei Cheng Actress | Wo hu cang long Pei-Pei Cheng was born on December 4, 1946 in Shanghai, China. She is an actress and producer, known for Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon (2000), Lilting (2014) and Mulan (2020). She was previously married to Wen-Tung Yuan. Born in Shanghai, Cheng Pei Pei trained as a ballet dancer. She was abandoned at age 15 and forced to fend for herself and her younger sister. Shaw Brothers discovered her in 1963. Cheng was groomed to play male characters in opera films until a young director named King Hu chose her to star in a new-wave swordswoman film titled Come Drink With Me (1965). It set new standards for all wu xia movies to come. (Director Ang Lee admitted that it was the inspiration behind Crouching Tiger and the reason he cast Cheng in it.) With Cheng’s subsequent success, she was dubbed the first “Queen of Kung Fu Films.” Biao Yuen 11. Biao Yuen Actor | Baai ga jai Yuen Biao is regarded as one of the most acrobatic martial artists ever. Unfortunately, he is still underrated and not as popular as other contemporaries such as Jackie Chan, Sammo Kam-Bo Hung, and Jet Li even though he is the most critically acclaimed out of all of them and the most talented as ... the most Acrobatic man in Martial Arts Cinema. A Member of the infamous Dragon Brothers, which consists of Jackie Chan & Sammo Hung, all three started working and have appeared under Bruce Lee's Enter the Dragon, & Fist of Fury as extras and stuntmen. Toshirô Mifune 12. Toshirô Mifune Actor | Yôjinbô Toshiro Mifune achieved more worldwide fame than any other Japanese actor of his century. He was born in Tsingtao, China, to Japanese parents and grew up in Dalian. He did not set foot in Japan until he was 21. His father was an importer and a commercial photographer, and young Toshiro worked in ... JeeJa Yanin 13. JeeJa Yanin Actress | Chocolate Yanin "Jeeja" pronounced "ChiCha" Vismitananda was born in Bangkok, Thailand. Her mother is Prasita Vismitananda and her father, Pawadol Borirak, was a businessman who died when his daughter was 17, she has an older brother, Nantapong "Jeed" Vismitananda. She is mainly of Thai descent with some ... The Future of Martial Arts Cinema. She can Kick Your Ass & look cute as hell doing it. Michelle Yeoh better watch her crown. Theres a new girl intown. :-D Described as "the Female Tony Jaa," i can honestly say its fitting. Like Jaa, she does ALL of her own stunts and fighting, Like Jaa, her films uses little to NO cgi effects and wires, and like Jaa, Jeeja's debut film, 'Chocolate' is mindblowingly good, especially for long time fans of hardcore wireless Martial Arts action. Not to mention theyre both from Thailand and work with the same directors. Tak-Hing Kwan 14. Tak-Hing Kwan Actor | Huang Fei Hong hu zhao hui qan ying When he was 13 years old, he joined an entertainment troupe on tour of Singapore. During these years he began to study performing. In 1932 he debuted in the film "Gor Nui Ching Chiu" ("Sentimental Song of Companions' Tide") playing a bit part, shot in San Francisco (USA). Soon he came back to Hong ... In 1949 filmmaker Wu Peng revived the dying Cantonese cinema of Hong Kong by casting Cantonese opera star Kwan Tak-Hing to play legendary folk hero Huang Fei-hung. Born in 1906, Kwan was dubbed the “Patriotic Entertainer” for raising funds in the United States for the Chinese war effort against Japan. A master of the white crane and hong styles of kung fu, he was also an expert lion dancer and calligrapher. Over the course of 85 films, his name became synonymous with Huang Fei-hung, and his movies were seen as the official start of the gung fu pian (kung fu film genre). Phillip Chung-Fung Kwok 15. Phillip Chung-Fung Kwok Actor | Lat sau san taam Philip Kwok began his career as a circus acrobat and worked in the Peking Opera, unlike many others, he had not aspired to work in the film industry. He began working as a stuntman and eventually worked his way into leading roles. His performance in Boxer Rebellion caught Director Chang Cheh's ... Leader of The “Five Venoms” Although based on five actors (really six) from the Shaw Brothers classic The Five Venoms (1978), the “Five Venoms” is a group of actors who worked together to make 20 of the most intricately choreographed weapons films ever. The actors were Philip Kwok, the leader, usually playing a good guy; Chiang Sheng, noted for humor and using double weapons; Lo Meng, the muscle-and-fists fighter; Sun Chien, the kicker; Lu Feng, usually a villain; and Wei Bai, who worked mostly behind the camera because of Tourette’s syndrome. Jimmy Wang Yu 16. Jimmy Wang Yu Actor | Du bi quan wang da po xue di zi Jimmy Wang Yu was born on March 28, 1943 in Shanghai, China. He was an actor and producer, known for One-Armed Boxer II (1976), Wu xia (2011) and Soul (2013). He was married to Jeanette Lin Tsui. He died on April 5, 2022 in Taipei, Taiwan. Born in 1942, Jimmy Wong Yu was originally named Wong Zheng-quan. After making plans to further his civil-engineering and business background while studying abroad, on a lark he auditioned at Shaw Brothers Studios. Out of 5,000 hopefuls, he was one of three who made the grade. At a time when romances and musicals overshadowed action films, director Chang Cheh cast Wong Yu in a macho, heroic bloodshed film titled One-Armed Swordsman (1967), and it shot him to stardom. In The Chinese Boxer (1969), he launched a new type of movie that blended the “rival school” and “crippled hero” motifs. He’s renowned as the first star to do all his own fights and stunts. Stephen Chow 17. Stephen Chow Actor | Kung fu Stephen Chow was the only boy of his family, and has grown up as a Bruce Lee fan and a martial arts addict. His career started on TV, where he presented a children show ( "430 Space Shuttle" (1983)) and started becoming popular. He got some supporting roles, after that, and won the Taiwanese Golden... Considered more of a Funnyman/Comedian than a "Serious Martial Arts Action Actor" Chow, also an accomplished Director, Producer, & Writer, is a key figure in Hong Kong Cinema history. Dubbed the "Jim Carrey of the East," he alongside Jackie Chan & maybe Andy Lau were the biggest Hong Kong Box Office draws of the 90s & 00's. He is included on this list for his work and contribution to the genre in the brilliant and hilarious King of Beggars, Forbidden City Cop, Fist of Fury (1991), Love on Delivery, God of Cookery, Kung Fu Hustle & Shaolin Soccer (among numerous others) Were he mastered the art of "Kung Fu Comedy." He is also a known Bruce Lee fanatic and references him often in his films. Shintarô Katsu 18. Shintarô Katsu Actor | Zatôichi to yôjinbô Shintarô Katsu was born on November 29, 1931 in Tokyo, Japan. He was an actor and director, known for Zatoichi meets Yojimbo (1970), Kaoyaku (1971) and Zatoichi and the One-Armed Swordsman (1971). He was married to Tamao Nakamura. He died on June 21, 1997 in Kashiwa, Japan. Shintaro Katsu is best-known for playing a blind nomadic gambler and masseur named Zatoichi, whose humble facade hid a swordsman with a breathtaking quick-draw. From 1962 to 1989, Katsu made 26 Zatoichi feature films, with new installments coming out bimonthly in 1964. Katsu also produced the manga-based Lone Wolf and Cub film series (aka Shogun Assassin), which starred his brother, Tomisaburo Wakayama. A remake of Zatoichi starring Takeshi Katano was made in 2003. Tomisaburô Wakayama 19. Tomisaburô Wakayama Actor | Kozure Ôkami: Ko wo kashi ude kashi tsukamatsuru Tomisaburô Wakayama was born on September 1, 1929 in Tokyo, Japan. He was an actor and producer, known for Lone Wolf and Cub: Sword of Vengeance (1972), Shogun Assassin (1980) and Black Rain (1989). He died on April 2, 1992 in Kyoto, Japan. a Japanese actor, best known for playing Ogami Ittō, the scowling, 17th century ronin warrior in the six Lone Wolf and Cub (Shogun Assassin) samurai movies. At the age of 13, he began to study judo, eventually achieving the rank of 4th dan black belt in the art. Wakayama went on to star in many films, performing in a variety of roles. It has been estimated that he appeared in between 250 to 500 films. His only roles in American movies were as a baseball coach in The Bad News Bears Go to Japan (1978) and as a yakuza boss in Ridley Scott's Black Rain (1989). Brother of Shintaro Katsu. David Chiang 20. David Chiang Actor | Ci Ma David Chiang was born in Suzhou, China on June 29, 1947. His mother Hung Wei and father Yim Dut were very popular movie stars. Young David began his acting career at a very early age, appearing in black & white films while he was only 4 years old. "John" is David's real English name, while "David" ... Kuan Tai Chen 21. Kuan Tai Chen Actor | The Man with the Iron Fists Kuan Tai Chen was born on September 24, 1945 in Guangdong, China. He is an actor and director, known for The Man with the Iron Fists (2012), Bloody Monkey Master (1977) and Kera Sakti (1978). Prior to pursuing a career in film, Chen Kuan-Tai was a Hong Kong fireman and the 1969 light-heavyweight champion of the Southeast Asian Chinese Martial Arts Tournament. A kung fu practitioner since the age of 8, he was the first martial arts champ to enter moviemaking. He began as a stuntman in Kuan Tak-hing’s Huang Fei-hung movies, then made his mark in Boxer From Shantung (1972), which was co-directed by John Woo. Chen starred in more than 80 films, struck gold directing Iron Monkey (1977) and won critical acclaim for his role in Killer Constable (1980). Chia-Liang Liu 22. Chia-Liang Liu Actor | Jui kuen II Chia-Liang Liu was born on August 1, 1936 in Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. He is known for The Legend of Drunken Master (1994), My Young Auntie (1981) and Shi ba ban wu yi (1982). He was married to Jing-Jing Yung and Hsiu-Hsia Ho. He died on June 25, 2013 in Hong Kong, China. Lau Kar-Leung is a famous Hong Kong martial arts filmmaker, choreographer, and actor. He is best known for his movies which he made during the 1970s and 1980s for the Shaw Brothers Studio. One of his most famous films is The 36th Chamber of Shaolin which starred his martial brother, Lau Kar-fai, as well as Drunken Master II which starred Jackie Chan. Lung Ti 23. Lung Ti Actor | Ying hung boon sik Lung Ti was born on August 19, 1946 in Guangdong Province, China. He is an actor and director, known for A Better Tomorrow (1986), The Legend of Drunken Master (1994) and The Warrior's Way (2010). He has been married to Min-Ming Tao since May 22, 1975. They have one child. Trained in wing chun, Ti Lung was a competent tailor before being cast with longtime cohort David Chiang in Dead End (1969). He attained superstar status with Blood Brothers (1972), which was co-directed by John Woo. After the trio broke up, Ti’s status was cemented with The Sentimental Swordsman (1977) and The Deadly Breaking Sword (1979), making him one of Shaw Brothers’ perennial heroes. Although replaced by Jet Li for Once Upon a Time in China (1991), Ti co-starred in Jackie Chan’s Drunken Master II. Kara Wai 24. Kara Wai Actress | Xue guan yin Kara Hui Ying-Hung was born in Shandong, China; her family moved to Hong Kong in 1966 and at 14 she quit school and started working at nightclubs. Penniless after her family lost their savings from her father's business acquaintances, Hui and her mother and siblings resided in the poor shanty town ... Kara Hui Ying-Hung (born 3 February 1960) is a Hong Kong actress of Manchu ancestry. After working at nightclubs, Hui was discovered by Kung Fu film director Lau Kar Leung and cast in Lau Kar Leung's Challenge of the Masters (1976). After that, she participated in various films of Lau with whom she also was rumoured to have had an affair. Hui reached her career apex in My Young Auntie (1982), for which she was awarded the Best Actress Award in the 1st Hong Kong Film Awards. She won the Best Actress Award for the second time at the 29th Hong Kong Film Awards. Her other notable roles include those in Eight Diagram Pole Fighter & Dirty Ho. Hui is the sister of actor Austin Wai. Lieh Lo 25. Lieh Lo Actor | Tian xia di yi quan Born in Indonesia to Cantonese parents, Lo migrated to Hong Kong in his teens, where he attended acting school and in 1962 joined the Shaw Bros. film company. By 1969 he had become the first kungfu superstar, preceding the legendary Bruce Lee. He acted in more than 100 films, usually cast as ... Hiroyuki Sanada 26. Hiroyuki Sanada Actor | Tasogare Seibei Hiroyuki Sanada was born on October 12, 1960 in Tokyo. He made his film debut when he was 5 in Game of Chance (1965) (Shin'ichi Chiba played the lead role.) His father died when he was 11. He joined Japan Action Club, organized & run by Sonny Chiba, when he was 12. He 1st became famous as an action... Jing Wu 27. Jing Wu Actor | Liu lang di qiu Born in Beijing China in 1974, he was sent to train at Beijing Wushu Academy when he was 6 years old as both his Father and Grandfather were also Martial artists. In 1995 he was spotted by Yuen Woo-Ping who had come to the academy to look for a martial artist for the film Tai Chi 2 (aka Tai Chi ... Siu-Tin Yuen 28. Siu-Tin Yuen Actor | Zui quan Already a veteran of the Peking Opera, he starred in countless black and white costume dramas before son Woo-Ping Yuen cast him in _Snake in Eagle's Shadow_ , the film which launched Jackie Chan's career. He then went on to feature alongside Chan and Jeong-lee Hwang(_Snake in Eagle's Shadow_'s main... Woo-Ping Yuen 29. Woo-Ping Yuen Wo hu cang long Woo-Ping Yuen was born on January 1, 1945 in Guangzhou, China. He is known for Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon (2000), Fearless (2006) and Kill Bill: Vol. 2 (2004). is a Chinese martial arts choreographer and film director, renowned as one of the most successful and influential figures in the world of Hong Kong action cinema. He is one of the inductees on the Avenue of Stars in Hong Kong. Yuen is also a son of Yuen Siu-tien, a renowned martial arts film actor. Yuen achieved his first directing credit in 1978 on the seminal Snake in the Eagle's Shadow, starring Jackie Chan, followed quickly by Drunken Master. The films were smash-hits, launching Jackie Chan as a major film-star, turning Seasonal Films into a major independent production company, and starting a trend towards comedy in martial arts films that continues to the present day. Yuen went on to work with such figures as Sammo Hung in Magnificent Butcher (1979), Yuen Biao in Dreadnaught (1981), Donnie Yen in Iron Monkey (1993), and Jet Li and Michelle Yeoh in Tai Chi Master (1993) and Wing Chun (1994). Yuen's works, particularly his action choreography on Fist of Legend (1994), attracted the attention of the Wachowski brothers, who hired him as the martial arts choreographer on The Matrix (1999). The success of this collaboration, plus his action choreography on the following year's hit Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon, made him a highly sought after figure in Hollywood. He went on to work on the Matrix sequels and Kill Bill (2003). More recent action choreography duties in Hong Kong cinema have included Kung Fu Hustle (2004), starring Stephen Chow, and Fearless (2006), starring Jet Li. Jeong-lee Hwang 30. Jeong-lee Hwang Actor | Ying zhao tie bu shan Hwang Jang-Lee is the ultimate bootmaster. Known for his powerful and deadly kicks on screen as well as off, Hwang has a reputation as the Lord of the Superkickers. Born in Japan, Hwang's family moved back to their native Korea, where at the age of 14, Hwang began taking the national martial art of... Corey Yuen 31. Corey Yuen Actor | Zhi fa xian feng Corey Yuen was born on February 15, 1951 in Hong Kong. He is known for Righting Wrongs (1986), Red Cliff (2008) and The Legend of Fong Sai-Yuk (1993). is a Hong Kong actor, filmmaker and producer. He was a member of the Peking Opera Schools and one of the Seven Little Fortunes. Corey was one of Jackie Chan, Sammo Hung and Yuen Biao's best friends during their days in the China Drama Academy Peking Opera School. They spent those days training in a harshly disciplined style under the watch of Master Yu Jim-yuen. He would go to appear as an extra in Hong Kong films during the "chop socky" era of the 1970s. Sheng Fu 32. Sheng Fu Actor | Jue dai shuang jiao Born Chang Fu-Sheng to a wealthy family on October 20th, 1954, in Hong Kong. His English adopted name was Alexander. He was the ninth of 11 siblings. He was considered his father's favorite. Unlike the rest of his family, he showed little interest in academic and had no desire to try his hand in ... Alexander was born as Cheung Fu-Sheng in 20 October 1954 in Hong Kong, the son of a wealthy New Territories indigenous inhabitant businessman. His youth was characterized by his quick temper, disinterest in school, and fighting in the streets. As a child, his family lived in Hawaii for a few years and there he began training in judo and karate. Fu Sheng's films are still revered in Hong Kong. He is not as well known in the U.S. as other Hong Kong martial arts film stars due to his short life and limited availability of his films. But he has a strong cult following among genre fans. Fu Sheng's old makeup cubicle at the Shaw Brothers studio features a shrine constructed to appease his ghost, which is said to haunt the backlot. Jean-Claude Van Damme 33. Jean-Claude Van Damme Actor | Double Impact Van Damme was born Jean-Claude Camille François Van Varenberg in Berchem-Sainte-Agathe, Brussels, Belgium, to Eliana and Eugène Van Varenberg, an accountant. "The Muscles from Brussels" started martial arts at the age of eleven. His father introduced him to martial arts when he saw his son was ... Angela Mao 34. Angela Mao Actress | Enter the Dragon Angela Mao was born as Mao Ching Ying in 1950 as the third of eight children to a family of entertainers for the Peking Opera House. She had a successful career as a Chinesa Opera actress, where her flexibility and martial arts first developed. She was discovered by film producer Raymond Chow who ... Scott Adkins 35. Scott Adkins Actor | Boyka: Undisputed IV Scott Edward Adkins was born on June 17, 1976 in Sutton Coldfield, England, into a family that for generations were butchers. Along with his elder brother Craig, he was raised by their parents, John and Janet (Sanders) Adkins, in a loving middle-class family. Scott attended Bishop Vesey's Grammar ... Mas Oyama 36. Mas Oyama Writer | Karate daisenso Mas Oyama was born on July 27, 1923 in Gimje, Jeollabuk-do, Korea. He was an actor and writer, known for Karate daisenso (1978), Bodigaado Kiba: Hissatsu sankaku tobi (1973) and The Strongest Karate Part 2 (1976). He died on April 26, 1994 in Japan. Other than Bruce Lee this man is also considered as one of the Greatest Martial Artists of the 20th Century. Nicknamed "The God Hand" he has The ability to sever bulls' horns with his bare hands. Born in South Korea in 1923, Choi immigrated to Japan in 1938, where he established his first dojo in 1953. Since its inception, Kyokushin Karate has spread to more than 120 countries, with more than twelve million practitioners, making it one of the largest martial arts styles in the world. Choi Bae-dal (Mas Oyama) was portrayed by actor Dong-kun Yang in the South Korean biographical film "Fighter in the Wind" (2004). One of Choi Bae-dal's (Mas Oyama) students is the reknowned Japanese actor Sonny Chiba of "Street Fighter" and "Kill Bill" fame. Chiba appeared as Mas Oyama in 3 biographical films in Japan under the titles "Karate Bullfighter" (1975), "Karate Bearfighter" (1977), and "Karate for Life" (1977). Oyama Cameos in this series during the opening Credits.   He is the founder of Kyokushin Karate. Chun Ip 37. Chun Ip Actor | Yip Man chin chyun Chun Ip was born in July 1924 in Foshan, Guangdong, China. He is known for The Legend Is Born: Ip Man (2010), The Grandmaster (2013) and Ip Man (2008). He is the eldest son of the legendary Martial Arts master Yip Man that trained Bruce Lee Wing Chun in his early years, he appeared in the Ip Man: The Legend is Born as one of his fathers teachers. He is also an exceptional Wing Chun Master. Collin Chou 38. Collin Chou Actor | The Matrix Revolutions Collin Chou was born on August 11, 1967 in Taiwan. He is known for The Matrix Revolutions (2003), The Matrix Reloaded (2003) and The Forbidden Kingdom (2008). He has been married to Wanda Yung since December 10, 1997. They have two children. Former member of the Hung Ga Ban (Sammo Hung Kam-Bo Stuntman Association). Ken Lo 39. Ken Lo Actor | Rush Hour Lo Wai-kwong (aka Ken Lo) was born in Srung Treng, Cambodia. His father was from Hong Kong and his mother was from Laos. When he was 15 years old, he fled Cambodia and later moved to Udon Thani, Thailand in 1975. He was a huge fan of Bruce Lee and was inspired to take up martial arts such as Muay ... is a Hong Kong actor, martial artist and a ex-member of the Jackie Chan Stunt Team born in Laos on March 17, 1959. But in 1975, he moved from Cambodia when he was 15 years old to Udon Thani, Thailand, then 5 years later, in 1980 he fled to Hong Kong in where he took a job as a tour guide. His idol was Bruce Lee, King of Kung Fu, which led him to practice Thai Boxing and Tae Kwon Do in Thailand. He won the freestyle fighting Championships seven times so his chance finally came with his first movie Working Class (1985) starring Samuel Hui directed by Tsui Hark. In 1986, Lo met Jackie Chan in a popular disco in Hong Kong, where he was head of security and Jackie hired him as his own bodyguard. He not only became Jackie Chan's bodyguard but also acted in many martial arts movies. One of his famous roles is John, the main villain and right-hand man of the British ambassador in Legend of Drunken Master (1994) in which he and Jackie Chan engage in a protracted final fight; Lo stepped in when another actor was injured. That climactic ten-minute fight sequence has become legendary: Roger Ebert called it "one of the most remarkably sustained examples of martial arts choreography ever filmed." Yasuaki Kurata 40. Yasuaki Kurata Actor | Dang kou feng yun Yasuaki Kurata was born on March 20, 1946 in Ibaraki, Japan. He is an actor and producer, known for God of War (2017), Blood: The Last Vampire (2009) and Fist of Legend (1994). David Kurata, is a Japanese actor specializing in action movies. An accomplished martial artist, he has dan ranks in karate (5th degree), judo (3rd degree), and aikido (2nd degree). He is perhaps best known for his extended battle against Jet Li in Fist of Legend and for his villainous role in So Close. He is fluent in Cantonese. Wenzhuo Zhao 41. Wenzhuo Zhao Actor | Su Qi-er Wenzhuo Zhao was born on April 10, 1972 in Ning'an, Heilongjiang, China. He is an actor and director, known for True Legend (2010), Once Upon a Time in China IV (1993) and Hero Zheng Chengong (2001). Chiu Man-cheuk, is a Chinese actor and martial artist. Zhao is best known playing the role of Chinese folk hero Wong Fei-hung in the Once Upon a Time in China film and television series. Chuck Norris 42. Chuck Norris Actor | Walker, Texas Ranger Chuck Norris is familiar to fans worldwide as the star of action films such as The Hitman (1991), The Delta Force (1986) and Delta Force 2: The Colombian Connection (1990). He also starred in Missing in Action (1984) and its sequels, Firewalker (1986) and Sidekicks (1992). He was an executive ... He has recently become the butt end of countless jokes. Nevertheless. Dont *beep* with the Chuck. Dan Inosanto 43. Dan Inosanto Actor | Big Trouble in Little China Noted Filipino-American martial arts practitioner, who studied "jeet kune do" from fellow martial artist and actor Bruce Lee. Always seeking to improve his knowledge, Inosanto holds numerous belts in various martial arts including Asian, American & Brazilian disciplines such as Muay Thai, Pentjak ... Wah Yuen 44. Wah Yuen Actor | Kung fu Wah Yuen was born on September 2, 1950 in Hong Kong, China. He is known for Kung Fu Hustle (2004), Shang-Chi and the Legend of the Ten Rings (2021) and The Iceman Cometh (1989). Qiu Yuen 45. Qiu Yuen Actress | Kung fu Qiu Yuen apprenticed Chinese martial arts and Beijing-opera skills with Jackie Chan and Sammo Hung as well as Kam-Bo under the same master, Yu Jim-yuen, whilst at the Beijing Opera School (part of the Chinese Drama Academy). Early in her career, Cheung Cheun Nam (aka Qiu Yuen) worked briefly as a ... Moon Lee 46. Moon Lee Actress | Tian shi xing dong Moon Lee was born on February 14, 1965 in Hong Kong. She is known for Iron Angels (1987), Fatal Termination (1990) and Mission of Justice (1992). Siu-Lung Leung 47. Siu-Lung Leung Actor | Kung fu Born in Hong Kong in 1948, 'Bruce' Leung Siu-Lung was the eldest of twelve brothers (which included stuntman/martial arts actor/action choreographer 'Tony' Leung Siu-Hung) and he obtained his martial arts training from his father at the Cantonese Opera. He also learned different forms of Karate and... Shô Kosugi 48. Shô Kosugi Actor | Ninja Assassin Easily the best known actor/martial artist during the 1980s ninja cinema craze, Kosugi was a proficient martial artist & skilled weapons performer which was highlighted in his several starring roles. Kosugi grew up as the youngest child and only son of a Tokyo fisherman, and began his martial arts ... Ho Wang 49. Ho Wang Actor | Heukpyo bigaek Ho Wang was born in 1945 in Seoul, South Korea. He is known for Secret Bandit of Black Leopard (1981), Rivals of Silver Fox (1979) and Map of Eight Provinces (1978). Former taekwondo champ in the Korean Army. Nicknamed Human Tornado for spinning kicks. Trained in icy rivers during Korea's harsh winters Also studied wing chun Bolo Yeung 50. Bolo Yeung Actor | Bloodsport Bolo Yeung was born in China. He began his martial arts training at the age of 10. Growing up he took an interest in bodybuilding. Later he became know as Chinese Hercules after becoming Mr. Hong Kong bodybuilding champion. He held the title for ten years. Because of his impressively muscular ... Cyril Raffaelli 51. Cyril Raffaelli Stunts | Banlieue 13 Cyril Raffaelli was born on April 1, 1974. He is known for District B13 (2004), District 13: Ultimatum (2009) and Die Hard 4.0 (2007). Benny Urquidez 52. Benny Urquidez Actor | Grosse Pointe Blank Benny Urquidez was raised in a very athletic family. His mother was a professional wrestler and his father a professional boxer, with all of his siblings black belts. He has earned black belts in nine different martial arts and trained in other styles. The Jet decided to pursue full-contact karate ... Tatsuya Naka 53. Tatsuya Naka Actor | Kuro-obi Tatsuya Naka was born on May 29, 1964 in Tokyo, Japan. He is an actor, known for Black Belt (2007), High-Kick Girl! (2009) and K.G. (2011). Wesley Snipes 54. Wesley Snipes Actor | Blade Wesley Trent Snipes was born in Orlando, Florida, to Marian (Long), a teacher's assistant, and SMSGT Wesley Rudolph Snipes, an aircraft engineer. He grew up on the streets of the South Bronx in New York City, where he very early decided that dance and the theatre were to be his career. He attended ... Yukari Ôshima 55. Yukari Ôshima Actress | Lik wong Daughter of a Chinese woman, who spent her childhood in Nishi Ku (Fukuoka City). When she was in elementary school, her parents divorced and she went to live with her mother, who ran a little restaurant. Being a child she practiced karate in junior high school, represented Kyushu in several ... Jason Statham 56. Jason Statham Actor | Crank Jason Statham was born in Shirebrook, Derbyshire, to Eileen (Yates), a dancer, and Barry Statham, a street merchant and lounge singer. He was a Diver on the British National Diving Team and finished twelfth in the World Championships in 1992. He has also been a fashion model, black market salesman ... Cynthia Rothrock 57. Cynthia Rothrock Actress | The Martial Arts Kid Cynthia Rothrock is a martial arts expert and athlete, who went on to become a film actress, starring in a number of highly successful B action movies. She first made a name as an action actress in Hong Kong before going on to wow audiences in her home turf. At the time of her popularity, she was ... Tak Sakaguchi 58. Tak Sakaguchi Actor | Versus It seems that right at birth, Tak Sakaguchi was bound to be a force to be reckoned with. From an early age, he exhibited excellent motor skills and cat-like reflexes; putting these skills to use and excelling in martial arts such as Judo and boxing. Surprisingly, even with his stunning looks and ... Michael Jai White 59. Michael Jai White Actor | Black Dynamite Michael Jai White is an American actor and martial artist who has appeared in numerous films and television series. He is the first African American to portray a major comic book superhero in a major motion picture, having starred as Al Simmons, the protagonist in the 1997 film Spawn. White ... Ho-Sung Pak 60. Ho-Sung Pak Actor | Lesser of Three Evils Korean-American born Ho-Sung Pak is best known for two accomplishments in martial arts. A wushu champion, Ho was inducted into the Black Belt Hall of Fame in 1991. His first accomplishment was that he played both Liu Kang and Shang Tsung in the video game that started a fad and 2 movies, Mortal ... Hiroyuki Ikeuchi 61. Hiroyuki Ikeuchi Actor | Ip Man Hiroyuki Ikeuchi is a Japanese actor. Ikeuchi's mother is Salvadoran and his father is Japanese. He is an avid martial artist, notably holding a black belt in judo, and is also a keen fisherman. His is common known played a supporting role as General Miura in Wilson Yip's Ip Man. Billy Chow 62. Billy Chow Actor | Chiu kap hok hau ba wong Billy Chow was born on August 24, 1958 in Canada. He is an actor, known for Future Cops (1993), High Risk (1995) and Robotrix (1991). Steven Seagal 63. Steven Seagal Actor | On Deadly Ground Steven Frederic Seagal was born in Lansing, Michigan, to Patricia Anne (Fisher), a medical technician, and Samuel Seagal, a high school math teacher. His paternal grandparents were Russian Jewish immigrants, and his mother had English, German, and distant Irish and Dutch, ancestry. The enigmatic ... Brandon Lee 64. Brandon Lee Actor | The Crow Born on February 1, 1965 to Bruce Lee (Martial Arts idol) and Linda Lee Cadwell. Brother to Shannon Lee. In 1970-71, they moved to Hong Kong where Brandon became fluent in Cantonese by the age of 8. He attended Boston's Art-Oriented Emerson College in Massachusetts. He studied Martial Arts and ... The Son of a Legend. Dolph Lundgren 65. Dolph Lundgren Actor | Rocky IV Dolph Lundgren was born as Hans Lundgren in Stockholm, Sweden, to Sigrid Birgitta (Tjerneld), a language teacher, and Karl Johan Hugo Lundgren, an engineer and economist for the Swedish government. He lived in Stockholm until the age of 13, when he moved in with his grandparents in Nyland, ... Bill Wallace 66. Bill Wallace Actor | A Force of One Bill "Superfoot" Wallace is a living legend in the world of martial arts and professional kickboxing. A pioneer in the sport, he began his martial arts career as a Karate point-fighter. He competed along with such immortals as Bruce Lee, Chuck Norris, Joe Lewis, and Skipper Mullins. After an ... Cung Le 67. Cung Le Actor | Pandorum Cung Le made his first appearance on the professional M.M.A. stage in 2006, and shortly after won the Strikeforce Middleweight Championship in 2008, setting high standards through his powerful kicks, skillful strikes, and well-timed take-downs. This U.S.-Viet Namese champion, actor, producer and ... Randy Couture 68. Randy Couture Actor | Big Stan Randy Couture is a collegiate wrestler and fighter turned actor from Everett, Washington. He served as a four time US Olympic wrestling team alternate as a soldier in the U.S. Army, and is also a 6 time world heavyweight and light heavyweight UFC champion and Hall of Famer. He is a graduate of ... Mark Dacascos 69. Mark Dacascos Actor | Le pacte des loups Mark Dacascos is an actor, director, martial artist, and television personality. Whether seen on the big screen or small, playing the good guy or the bad, Mark has been making audience stand up and take notice for many years. This May, Mark will be seen in highly anticipated film John Wick: Chapter ... Siu-Ho Chin 70. Siu-Ho Chin Actor | Tai gik Cheung Sam Fung Siu-Ho Chin was born on January 26, 1963 in Hong Kong. He is known for Tai Chi Master (1993), Fist of Legend (1994) and The Masked Avengers (1981). He has been married to Sin-Ming Yau since 2001. They have one child. He was previously married to Sharon Kwok. Don Wilson 71. Don Wilson Actor | Batman Forever Don "The Dragon" Wilson is considered the greatest kick-boxing champion in the sport's history. A native of South Florida, Wilson began fighting in the late 1970s. In a career which spanned 4 decades, he won 11 world kick-boxing championships, among them the WKA, STAR, WKC, PKO Lightheavyweight ... Jim Kelly 72. Jim Kelly Actor | Enter the Dragon With his funky Afro hairstyle, super cool attitude and superb karate skills, Jim Kelly was instantly identifiable, and one of the top martial arts film stars of the early 1970s. After appearing in a minor film role, Kelly's second screen effort was as one of the invited guests to the deadly Han's ... Siu-Wong Fan 73. Siu-Wong Fan Actor | Lik wong Siu-Wong Fan was born in Hong Kong in 1973, the son of 1970s kung fu film actor Mei-Sheng Fan. At the age of 14, Siu-Wong traveled to Xushou on the request of his father to take up martial arts because he was virtually a toothpick. There, Siu-Wong studied gymnastics, kung fu, and taekwondo. Fan ... Billy Blanks 74. Billy Blanks Actor | The Last Boy Scout Muscular African American sports star, actor, media identity and inventor of the phenomenally popular "Tae Bo" fitness system, derived from his extensive martial arts training. Blanks was born in Erie, Pennsylvania in 1955 amongst humble backgrounds and grew up as one of 15 children, battling ... Iko Uwais 75. Iko Uwais Actor | Serbuan maut 2: Berandal Iko Uwais was born in Jakarta, Indonesia, to Maisyaroh and Mustapha Kamaluddin. His grandfather, H. Achmad Bunawar, was a master of silat, an Indonesian traditional martial art, and founded a silat school. Iko himself has been learning silat since he was 10 years old. He became National Champion in... Bradley James Allan 76. Bradley James Allan Actor | Boh lei chun BRAD ALLAN: Born with an inherent fascination of all things Chinese, Brad Allan started studying martial arts, boxing, gymnastics and Chinese circus arts from the age of 10 years. At age 15 years, Brad met two of China's greatest wushu athletes Liang Chang Xing and Tang Lai Wei of the renowned ... Jeff Speakman 77. Jeff Speakman Actor | The Perfect Weapon Jeff Speakman was born and raised in Chicago, Illinois, where he became a All-American springboard diver in high school. He broke records in his school's district and conference all without ever having a coach. Determined to go to college, he worked for six years and graduated with honors from ... Loren Avedon 78. Loren Avedon Actor | The King of the Kickboxers After graduating from Beverly Hills High School in 1980, while attending college Loren Avedon signed up at the Jun Chong Tae Kwon Do Karate school in Los Angeles. He received his first "break" while training late one night at the Karate school. Producer Roy Horan was looking for an actor/martial ... Robert Wall 79. Robert Wall Actor | Enter the Dragon Robert Wall was born on August 22, 1939 in San Jose, California, USA. He is known for Enter The Dragon (1973), Way of the Dragon (1972) and Game of Death (1978). He was married to Lillian Prescott. He died on January 30, 2022 in Los Angeles, California. Michel Qissi 80. Michel Qissi Actor | Kickboxer When he was seven years old Michel Qissi began training in boxing. He soon met and befriended a young Jean-Claude Van Varenberg (Jean-Claude Van Damme) who was studying Shotokan Karate, and the two traded techniques in their systems. They grew up together and shared the same love of action films ... Richard Norton 81. Richard Norton Actor | Under a Red Moon A powerful screen presence, Richard Norton wins the applause of international audiences with his engaging ability to play either the hero or the heavy. Rare versatility and focused work ethic have enabled him to build an expanding library of almost 100 film and television titles. The disciplines ... Robin Shou 82. Robin Shou Actor | Mortal Kombat: Annihilation Robin Shou is the fourth child of a Shanghai tailor and homemaker. His family moved to the US in 1971. Their first home in Los Angeles was a 2 bedroom apartment near Olympic and Vermont, today known as Koreatown. Shou didn't start attending martial arts classes until he was 19. He took Kenpo (Karate... Chris Casamassa 83. Chris Casamassa Actor | Mortal Kombat Chris Casamassa is the son of American Martial arts pioneer Louis D. Casamassa. He is a world class Martial art expert with a 9th degree black belt in Red Dragon Karate and over 35 years of experience. Casamassa currently presides over the 12 Red Dragon Karate Schools in Southern California. He ... Darren Shahlavi 84. Darren Shahlavi Actor | I Spy Darren Shahlavi was seven years old when he started training in martial arts in an old drama theatre in Manchester, England. Inspired by Bruce Lees films and other action movies such as Star Wars, he dreamed of being a movie actor and would show up to his Judo class at the drama hall early to watch... Nicholas Tse 85. Nicholas Tse Actor | San ging chaat goo si Nicholas was born in Hong Kong, China. He attended school in Vancouver, Canada. He also attended school for a short time in Phoenix, Arizona before moving back to Hong Kong with his parents Patrick Yin Tse and Deborah Dik, and his sister, Jennifer (Ting Ting). Nicholas started his singing career ... Johnny Tri Nguyen 86. Johnny Tri Nguyen Actor | Da 5 Bloods Johnny Tri Nguyen was born in Vietnam into a family with a rich martial arts tradition. At the age of 9, he immigrated to America. Throughout the 90s, Nguyen's talent in martial arts led him to compete and won many award in various championships as well as representing the US in the national Wushu ... Ray Park 87. Ray Park Actor | Star Wars: Episode I - The Phantom Menace Ray Park was born in Glasgow, Scotland, UK. He moved with his parents, younger brother and sister to London, UK, at the age of seven. Ray always wanted to be in the movies, and be like their heroes. He also began to nurture a love for martial arts from the age of seven, when his father's fondness ... Diana Lee Inosanto 88. Diana Lee Inosanto Actress | The Mandalorian For Diana Lee Inosanto, becoming part of the iconic Star Wars franchise may seem like a dream, but it is very much the real-life culmination of 30 years of dedication and hard work. Diana joined the cast of The Mandalorian for the show's second season as the Magistrate Morgan Elsbeth after doing ... Daughter of FMA master Dan Inosanto, aswell as being an accomplished martial artist in her own right. Jerry Trimble 89. Jerry Trimble Actor | Heat Jerry Trimble was born in Newport, Kentucky. He was an insecure, fearful and bullied kid. At age 14 he was inspired by Bruce Lee and began studying Taekwon-Do. In six months he began teaching the art. At 15, Jerry earned the rank of first-degree black belt and became the number one point fighter in... Rina Takeda 90. Rina Takeda Actress | Iya monogatari: Oku no hito Takeda Rina was born in Yokohama, Kanagawa Prefecture. She claims she decided to become an actress at age six. She has an older and younger brother. The younger brother is actor Takeda kazuma who has found roles in Rina's movies. She became interested in karate through her father Takeda Takeshi. ... Gary Daniels 91. Gary Daniels Actor | The Expendables Gary Edward Daniels (born 9 May 1963) is an English actor, a martial arts artist, a martial arts action film star, a producer, and a fight coordinator. . Daniels who was also interested in films, starred in two motion pictures in 1988 made in the Philippines. These were Teddy Page's action martial ... Phillip Rhee 92. Phillip Rhee Actor | Best of the Best Phillip Rhee is a master martial artist, actor and filmmaker best known for creating the "BEST of the BEST" film franchise with his producing partner and mentor Peter E. Strauss (Former Chairman of Lions Gate) and Frank Giustra, a Canadian Billionaire and founder of Lions Gate. The first "Best of ... Kareem Abdul-Jabbar 93. Kareem Abdul-Jabbar Actor | Airplane! Legendary US NBA basketball player with the Milwaukee Bucks (1969-1975) and the Los Angeles Lakers (1975-1989), the 7' 2" Kareem Abdul-Jabbar (born Lew Alcindor) has made numerous guest appearances on US TV shows including Man from Atlantis (1977), 21 Jump Street (1987), Tales from the Darkside (... Alexander Rei Lo 94. Alexander Rei Lo Actor | Hong men jue e zhe Alexander Lo won the Taiwan 1978 Tae Kwan do championship, and got into the movie business after his older brother Tong Lung introduced him to director Robert Tai, with whom he most frequently collaborated. Alexander worked on many films about Ninjas, such as Wu Tang vs. Ninja (1987), The Super ... Daniel Bernhardt 95. Daniel Bernhardt Actor | Atomic Blonde Daniel Bernhardt was born on the 31st August 1965 in Worblaufen, Bern in Switzerland. After finishing high school, he studied architectural design for four years and graduated in Bern. At the same time he opened a martial arts school with his brother. After completing his studies, Daniel moved to ... Russell Wong 96. Russell Wong Actor | Romeo Must Die Russell Wong has earned a reputation as a sexy, charismatic leading man whose good looks are matched by his skills as an actor. The sixth of seven children, Russell Wong was born in Troy, New York; the son of restaurateur William Wong and Dutch-American artist Connie Van Yserloo. When Russell was ... John Saxon 97. John Saxon Actor | A Nightmare on Elm Street John Saxon appeared in nearly 200 roles in the movies and on television in a more-than half-century-long career that has stretched over seven decades since he made his big screen debut in 1954 in uncredited small roles in It Should Happen to You (1954) and George Cukor's A Star Is Born (1954). Born... Kurt McKinney 98. Kurt McKinney Actor | No Retreat No Surrender Kurt McKinney originally hails from Louisville, Kentucky. At the age of 21 he was already a black belt in taekwondo and an amateur kickboxing champion. He decided to become an actor and moved to Hollywood. He would go on to star in the 1985 film No Retreat, No Surrender as the lead. The film, one ... Ernie Reyes Jr. 99. Ernie Reyes Jr. Actor | Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles II: The Secret of the Ooze Ernie Reyes Jr. was born on January 15, 1972 in San Jose, California, USA. He is an actor and producer, known for Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles II: The Secret of the Ooze (1991), Welcome to the Jungle (2003) and Red Sonja (1985). He has been married to Lisa Reyes since November 11, 2009. Gina Carano 100. Gina Carano Actress | The Mandalorian From pioneering women's MMA to blazing a trail in movies, GINA CARANO is one of Hollywood's most unique rising stars. Carano began her training with Muay Thai to competitive MMA, where she competed in Strikeforce and EliteXC. Her popularity led to her being called the "Face of Women's MMA" and she ...
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